State of Hawaii > DBEDT > Strategic Industries Division > Publications > Anno. Bib. (1995)
Please also see these documents:
Analysis of Renewable
Portfolio Options for Hawaii (2001)
and Appendix 1: Update of Selected Cost and
Performance Estimates (2000)
Original Renewable Energy
Resource Assessment (1995)
(future projects, feasibility,
costs)
Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion: A
Review
Technical Developments of OTEC Systems
Demi-OTEC - A Concept Design and Economic
Feasibility Study - Final Report
Hawaii Ocean Resources Management Plan:
Technical Supplement, Paper I, Energy
Assessment of the Technical and Economic
Potential for Hydrogen Production with OTEC Electricity and Desalinated
Water
Economics of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion
(OTEC)
Operation of a Small Open-Cycle Ocean
Thermal Energy Conversion Experimental Facility
Design of a 5 MWe OTEC Pre-Commercial
Plant
Deep Ocean Water Utilization at the Natural
Energy Laboratory of Hawaii
Preliminary State Wide Assessment of
Seawater Air Conditioning for Hawaii: Phase I West Beach Oahu
(DRAFT)
Prepared By: Paul C. Yuen
Hawaii Natural Energy Institute
University of Hawaii at Manoa
2540 Dole Street, Holmes Hall 246
Honolulu, Hawaii 96822
Phone (808) 956-8890
Date: October, 1981
Other Information: State Public Library H-621.31243-Y
Abstract: This is a review of the current status of this technology.
It provides a review of OTEC's principle and resources. A chapter
on the history of the technology is also included, as well as
overviews of the systems used in an OTEC power plant. There is
also discussion of the Mini-OTEC project that started producing
power in 1979.
The report provides a listing of the advantages and disadvantages
of this technology, and recommends that a pilot plant be built
and operated.
Prepared By: A. R. Trenka, A. Thomas, and L.Vega
Pacific International Center for High Technology Research
2800 Woodlawn Drive, Suite 180,
Honolulu, Hawaii 96822
Phone (808) 539-3878
Date: September, 1988
Other Information: DBEDT HD9502 P7 1988
Proceedings of the International Renewable Energy Conference
Honolulu, Hawaii
September 18-24, 1988, page 66
Abstract: This paper provides a very brief overview of the U.S.
Department of Energy's Ocean Energy Technology Program activities
and focuses on the results obtained from an experimental facility
under actual operating conditions utilizing seawater. It also
includes a discussion of the history of the program.
This paper also discusses the recent discoveries that enhance
the economic prospects for both the open- and closed-cycle OTEC
systems. These areas include biofouling, the use of aluminum alloy
in lieu of titanium for heat exchangers, and more cost effective
evaporator designs.
Prepared By: Marine Development Associates, Inc.
P.O. Box 3409
Saratoga, California 95070-1409
Phone (408) 741-1263
Date: March, 1989
Other Information: Prepared under contract No. 24274 for the State
of Hawaii,
DBEDT Energy Division; MDA 89-001
Available from Dave Rezachek
DBEDT Energy Division
Phone (808) 587-3814
Abstract: This is a feasibility study for a demonstration OTEC
power plant (of "Demi-OTEC") for the Natural Energy
Laboratory of Hawaii. The report contains a detailed accounting
of the system engineering requirements and a cost and performance
analysis. It also deals with issues of power plant layout, and
the configuration and the specifications of major components of
the proposed plant.
The report recommends that the state establish a plan to implement
a demonstration closed-cycle OTEC program, and to actively seek
partnership with the industry/investor community for appropriate
cost-sharing funding.
Prepared By: Wendy L. Schultz
Center for Development Studies
Social Science Research Institute
University of Hawaii
2424 Maile Way
Honolulu, Hawaii 96822
Date: January, 1991
Other Information: DBEDT GC1021 H3 H6 1991
Abstract: This document sets forth guiding principles and overall
recommendations for the state to achieve comprehensive and integrated
ocean and coastal resource management. The plan is based on major
public input involving over 900 individuals statewide and was
mandated by Chapter 228, Hawaii Revised Statutes. The Technical
Supplement provides detailed analysis and survey results that
are the foundation of the plan.
Chapter I, Energy deals with ocean resource management issues
such as regulation and enforcement, infrastructure development
and education and public awareness. Site and use conflicts, environmental
impacts, and the overlapping jurisdictions and authority of permitting
agencies are also discussed. The chapter ends with 15 specific
recommendations for DBEDT in order to balance optimal, cost effective
development of the state's ocean resources with the preservation
of Hawaii's coastal and marine environments.
Prepared By: Luis A. Vega, et al.
Pacific International Center for High Technology Research
2800 Woodlawn Drive, Suite 180,
Honolulu, Hawaii 96822
Phone (808) 539-3878
Date: September 1991
Other Information: DBEDT- TP359 H8 H8 1991
Abstract: This report documents the assessment of the technical
and economic potential for hydrogen production with OTEC electricity
and desalinated water. A survey of the literature on energy carriers
for OTEC electricity and the production, storage, and transportation
of hydrogen is presented along with a description of a conceptual
design for an OTEC-Hydrogen Plantship and economic considerations.
Several means of energy transport and delivery from OTEC plants
deployed throughout the tropical oceans were considered. OTEC
energy could be transported via electrical, chemical, thermal,
and electrochemical carriers. The production cost of liquid hydrogen
delivered to a harbor was estimated to be in the range of $47
to $71 per MBTU in 1990 dollars. This energy cost is equivalent
to crude oil being priced between $273 and $412 per barrel.
Prepared By: Luis A. Vega, Ph.D.
Pacific International Center for High Technology Research
2800 Woodlawn Drive, Suite 180,
Honolulu, Hawaii 96822
Phone (808) 539-3878
Date: 1992
Other Information: UH Library call number TC157.O24 1992
Published as Chapter 7 of Ocean Energy Recovery, The State of
the Art, Edited by Richard J. Seymour,
Published by the American Society of Civil Engineers
345 East 47th Street,
New York, New York 10017-2398
Abstract: A straightforward analytical model is proposed to compare
the cost of electricity produced either with OTEC or with fossil
fuel plants. It is postulated that OTEC plants will be limited
by the relatively large diameter needed for cold water pipes to
sizes of no more than 100 MWe (net) for floating plants, and somewhat
less for land-based plants. Furthermore, in the case of open-cycle
plants, the size will be limited by the low pressure turbine to
2.5 MWe (net) modules. The use of energy carriers (e.g. hydrogen,
ammonia, etc.) to transport OTEC energy is feasible, but will
not be cost effective unless the price of fossil fuels increases
by an order of magnitude.
Without funding for large OTEC plants, the first generation of
commercial plants will most likely be 1 to 10 MW land-based designs.
The first plant of this size will be used to obtain operational
information and optimize the design of full scale plants. Closed-cycle
plants (of at least 50 MWe capacity) were found to be cost effective
if housed on floating vessels, moored a few kilometers from land,
transmitting power by submarine cables.
Prepared By: Luis A. Vega, Ph.D., and Donald E. Evans, P.E.
Pacific International Center for High Technology Research
2800 Woodlawn Drive, Suite 180,
Honolulu, Hawaii 96822
Phone (808) 539-3878
Date: March, 1994
Other Information: PICHTR Library
Oceanology International 94
Conference Proceedings, Volume 5,
Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion Conference
March 8-11, Brighton, UK
Abstract: This paper describes the operating experience gained
to date from the 210 kW OC-OTEC Experimental Apparatus located
at the Natural Energy Laboratory of Hawaii near Kailua-Kona on
the west side of the Island of Hawaii. This paper describes the
plant and the process, along with several of its systems. Details
of the facility and its operating parameters are also tabulated.
Significant lessons learned during its operations are discussed,
including the resolution of two major problems encountered. These
involved large and fast power output oscillations while connected
to the utility grid, and frequent bearing failures in the high
speed vacuum compression centrifugal pumps.
Prepared By: Luis A. Vega, Ph.D., and Gérard C. Nihous,
Ph.D.
Pacific International Center for High Technology Research
2800 Woodlawn Drive, Suite 180,
Honolulu, Hawaii 96822
Phone (808) 539-3878
Date: March, 1994
Other Information: PICHTR Library
Oceanology International 94
Conference Proceedings, Volume 5,
Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion Conference
March 8-11, Brighton, UK
Abstract: This paper provides a technical and economic evaluation
of OTEC plants that indicates that their commercial future lies
in floating plants of approximately 100 MWe capacity for industrialized
nations and smaller plants for small island developing states.
However, it is pointed out that commercial development is impaired
by a lack of operational data, which cannot be obtained from small
experimental plants.
This paper summarizes features of a completed preliminary design
of a 5 MWe floating OTEC plant for the production of electricity
and desalinated water. The construction and operation of such
a plant is required in order to establish the life cycles of major
components and yearly production rates. Without this information,
OTEC will not proceed beyond paper studies and small scale experiments.
Prepared By: Thomas H. Daniel
Scientific/Technical Program Manager
The Natural Energy Laboratory of Hawaii Authority
Kailua-Kona, Hawaii U.S.A.
Date: March, 1994
Other Information: PICHTR Library
Oceanology International 94
Conference Proceedings, Volume 5,
Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion Conference
March 8-11, Brighton, UK
Abstract: This paper describes the facilities and the projects
at the Natural Energy Laboratory of Hawaii (NELHA). These facilities
provide academic, government and commercial tenants with opportunities
to perform a wide range of experiments with ocean water pumped
ashore from the surface and depths of 600 meters. The deep sea
water has a cold temperature and a unique chemistry which makes
it useful in a wide range of applications.
These applications are discussed and include open- and closed-cycle
OTEC, cold sea water air conditioning, and aqua culture projects.
The aqua culture efforts have produced edible sea vegetables,
spirulina micro algae, salmon, lobsters, flounder, shrimp, tilapia,
abalone, and oysters.
Prepared By: Makai Ocean Engineering, Inc.
P.O. Box 1206,
Kailua, Hawaii 96734
Date: September, 1994
Other Information: Available from Dave Rezachek
DBEDT Energy Division
Phone (808) 587-3814
Abstract: This report analyzes technically and economically the
feasibility of using deep cold seawater to cool a centralized
air conditioning system in Hawaii. It provides an introductory
discussion on conventional air conditioning basics and the concepts
involved with seawater air conditioning and its application to
specific sites in Hawaii. System costs are reviewed and an economic
analysis is performed.
The report concluded that centralized seawater air conditioning
is a technically feasible and unsophisticated alternate energy
concept that has the potential of significant impact in Hawaii.
The installation of large systems at selected location in the
state is economically attractive today.