Bilateral

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Contents 1 In politics 2 In medicine 3 In law 4 In communications 5 In sociology 6 In electronic imaging 7 In mathematics 8 In economics 9 In education 10 In biology 11 References 12 Citations 13 See also

[edit] In politics

• Bilateral diplomacy, bilateralism, bilateral relation or bilateral relationship means the political and cultural relations between two states.

• Bilateral agreement, A compromise between the political and cultural relations between two states.

• Bilateral aid, Aid given by the government of one country directly to another.

• Bilateral air service agreement also called a Bilateral Air Transport Agreement or Bilateral Aviation Agreement, An agreement which two nations sign to allow civil aviation between their territories.

• Bilateral trade or clearing trade, a form of trade that was chiefly practiced by the Soviet Union.

[edit] In medicine

• Bilateral Acoustic Neurofibromatosis, A manifestation of the disease is the development of symmetric, non-malignant brain tumours in the region of the cranial nerve VIII, which is the auditory-vestibular nerve that transmits sensory information from the inner ear to the brain

• Bilateral adrenalectomy, The surgical removal of one or both (bilateral adrenalectomy) adrenal glands.

• Bilateral orchidectomy, Castration (also referred to as: gelding, neutering, fixing, orchiectomy, and orchidectomy) is any action, surgical, chemical, or otherwise, by which a male loses the functions of the testicles. In common usage the term is usually applied to males, although as a medical term it is applied to both males and females. For more information about female castration, see oophorectomy.

• Bilateral anterior opercular syndrome, also known as Foix-Chavany-Marie syndrome, is a partial paralysis of the face, pharynx and jaw caused by a loss of blood supply in a specific region of the brain.

• Bilateral cingulotomy, is a form of psychosurgery, introduced in 1952 as an alternative to a lobotomy.

• Bilateral cleavage, In embryology, cleavage is the division of cells in the early embryo.

• Bilateral congenital amputee, An individual born missing both arms or legs.

• Bilateral frontoparietal polymicrogyria is a type of polymicrogyria attributed to a defect in the gene GPR56.

• Bilateral renal agenesis, Bilateral Renal Agenesis is the absence of both kidneys at birth. See Potter syndrome.

• Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, Oophorectomy (or ovariectomy) is the surgical removal of an ovary or ovaries. In the case of non-human animals, it is also called spaying and is a form of sterilization.

• Bilateral salpingoophorectomy salpingoophorectomy is the removal of an ovary and its uterine tube.

• Bilateral sound, Bilateral sound is a type of bilateral stimulation used in eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in the same manner as eye movement.

[edit] In law

• Bilateral contract, An agreement in which each of the parties to the contract makes a promise or promises to the other party.

• Bilateral Immunity Agreement

• Bilateral investment treaties or Bilateral Investment Treaty, an agreement establishing the terms and conditions for private investment by nationals and companies of one state in the state of the other.

• Bilateral netting, is a legally enforceable arrangement between a bank and a counterparty that creates a single legal obligation covering all included individual contracts. This means that a bank’s obligation, in the event of the default or insolvency of one of the parties, would be the net sum of all positive and negative fair values of contracts included in the bilateral netting arrangement.

• Bilateral priority right, in patent, industrial design rights and trademark laws, a priority right or right of priority is a time-limited right, triggered by the first filing of an application for a patent, an industrial design or a trademark respectively.

[edit] In communications

• Bilateral control or Bilateral synchronization, In telecommunication, bilateral synchronization (or bilateral control) is a synchronization control system between exchanges A and B in which the clock at telephone exchange A controls the data received at exchange B and the clock at exchange B controls the data received at exchange A.

• Bilateral key exchange, (BKE) is an encryption scheme utilized by The Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunications (SWIFT).

[edit] In sociology

• Bilateral descent (Sociology) or Bilateral family, A family arrangement where descent and inheritance are passed equally are passed equally through both parents.^[1]

[edit] In electronic imaging

• Bilateral filter, an edge-preserving filter useful for imaging

• Adobe Photoshop implements a bilateral filter in its surface blur tool.

[edit] In mathematics

• Bilateral hypergeometric series is a series Σan summed over all integers n such that the ratio an/an+1of two terms is a rational function of n

• Bilateral Laplace transform is the two-sided Laplace transform or bilateral Laplace transform is an integral transform closely related to the Fourier transform, the Mellin transform, and the ordinary or one-sided Laplace transform. If f(t) is a real or complex valued function of the real variable t defined for all real numbers, then the two-sided Laplace transform is defined by the integral

• Bilateral Z-transform is the Z-transform converts a discrete time-domain signal, which is a sequence of real or complex numbers, into a complex frequency-domain representation.

• Bilateral shift, in functional analysis, the shift operators are examples of linear operators, important for their simplicity and natural occurrence. They are used in diverse areas, such as Hardy spaces, the theory of abelian varieties, and the theory of symbolic dynamics, for which the baker's map is an explicit representation. (There is another usage of shift operator as a translation operator: see for example Sheffer sequence.) In time series analysis, this operator is called the Lag operator.

[edit] In economics

• Bilateral monopoly, In a bilateral monopoly there is both a monopoly (a single seller) and monopsony (a single buyer) in the same market.

• Bilateral trade, Bilateral trade or clearing trade is trade exclusively between two states, particularly, barter trade based on bilateral deals between governments, and without using hard currency for payment. Bilateral trade agreements often aim to keep trade deficits at minimum by keeping a clearing account where deficit would accumulate.

• Bilateral trade agreement or List of bilateral free trade agreements, A Bilateral trade agreement (BTA) is a trade agreement between any two countries, usually in order to reduce tariffs and quotas on items traded between themselves.

• Bilateral treaty, A bilateral treaty is a treaty strictly between two state parties. These two parties can be two states, or two international organizations, or one state and one international organization.

[edit] In education

• A bilateral school is one of a handful of schools in England that contain separate grammar school and comprehensive streams.

[edit] In biology

• Bilateral symmetry – Symmetry in biology is the balanced distribution of duplicate body parts or shapes. The body plans of most multicellular organisms exhibit some form of symmetry, either radial symmetry or bilateral symmetry or glide symmetry. A small minority exhibit no symmetry (are asymmetric).

[edit] References

[edit] Citations

• "bilateral descent." Oxford Dictionary of Sociology. Ed. John Scott, Gordon Marshall. Oxford University Press, 2005. eNotes.com. 2006. 17 Jan, 2009 <http://www.enotes.com/oxsoc-encyclopedia/bilateral-descent>

[edit] See also

• List of sociology topics
• Sociology

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