Film producer
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A film producer or movie producer is someone who creates the scenes and conditions for making movies. The producer initiates, co-ordinates, supervises and controls matters such as fund-raising, hiring key personnel and arranging for distributors. The producer is involved throughout all phases of the film-making process from development to completion of a project.
In the first half of the 20th century, the producer also tended to wield ultimate creative control on a film project. In the U.S., with the demise of Hollywood's studio system in the 1950s, creative control began to shift into the hands of the director.
Changes in movie and film distribution and marketing in the 1970s and '80s gave rise to the modern-day phenomenon of the Hollywood blockbuster, which tended to bring power back into the hands of the producer. While marketing and advertising for films accentuates the role of the director, apart from a few well-known film-makers, it is usually the producer who has the greatest degree of control in the American film industry.[citation needed] Many producers today are paid as a minimum $120,000 to $300,000 a movie.
Traditionally, the producer is considered the chief of staff while the director is in charge of the line. This "staff and line" organization mirrors that of most large corporations and the military. Under this arrangement, the producer has overall control of the project and can terminate the director, but the director actually makes the film.[1] The "line producer" is thus a producer who assists with day-to-day financial and production concerns "on the line" as the film is being made.
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[edit] Definitions
- Producer: Individual who has the greatest involvement and oversight among a film's various producers. In smaller companies or independent projects, may be the equivalent of the executive producer.
- Executive producer: In major productions, usually a representative or CEO of the film studio - although the title may be given as an honorarium to a major investor - often oversees the financial, administrative and creative aspects of production, though not technical aspects. In smaller companies or independent projects, may be synonymous with creator/writer.
- Co-producer: A producer who reports to the Executive Producer and provides money to finance a project. In large productions, the co-producer is more involved in the day-to-day production. In independent projects, the title can connote an involvement in the inception of the production.
- Associate producer: Usually acts as a representative of the Producer, who may share financial, creative, or administrative responsibilities, delegated from that producer. Often, a title for an experienced film professional acting as a consultant or a title granted as a courtesy to one who makes a major financial or creative contribution to the production. According to David Mamet, "It's what you give your secretary instead of a raise."
- Assistant producer: Usually works under the direction of the Associate Producer.
- Production director: A representative of the film company assigned to the set and given the authority to act on behalf of the senior production-team members.
- Line producer: Oversees a film's budget and day-to-day activities
- Production supervisor : Usually performs managerial duties on one aspect of the production.
- Production manager: Manages the studio.
- Post production supervisor: Usually performs the post team in movies.
- Production designer: Usually oversees the on screen visual aspects of a location or set - including stage dressing, props, color palette, and set design.
- Administrative Producer: Reports to the Board of Directors. Freelancers are employed by the Administrative Producer for specific tasks such as press and publicity activities, design, production management, etc.
[edit] Some notable film and television producers
- J. J. Abrams - Lost, Cloverfield, Alias, Mission Impossible III, Star Trek, Fringe
- Moustapha Akkad - Halloween
- Judd Apatow -The Cable Guy, Anchorman, The 40-Year-Old Virgin, Knocked Up, Superbad, Freaks and Geeks
- Avi Arad - Spider-Man (film series), X-Men (film series), Blade.
- Drew Barrymore - Donnie Darko, Never Been Kissed, Duplex, Music and Lyrics, Charlie's Angels
- Lawrence Bender - Pulp Fiction, Kill Bill, An Inconvenient Truth, Reservoir Dogs, Good Will Hunting
- Armyan Bernstein - Air Force One, The Hurricane, Children of Men, Bring It On
- Albert R. Broccoli, Michael G. Wilson, Barbara Broccoli - James Bond
- Mel Brooks - The Elephant Man, The Fly, Frances, 84 Charing Cross Road, Young Frankenstein
- Jerry Bruckheimer - Top Gun, Crimson Tide, The Rock, Con Air, National Treasure, Pirates of the Caribbean films, CSI franchise
- Sandra Bullock - Hope Floats, Gun Shy, Miss Congeniality, Murder By Numbers, Two Weeks Notice, Miss Congeniality 2: Armed and Fabulous, All About Steve, George Lopez (TV series).
- Tim Burton - The Nightmare Before Christmas, Cabin Boy, James and the Giant Peach, 9
- Jim Carrey - Bruce Almighty, Fun with Dick and Jane
- Yash Chopra, Aditya Chopra - Dilwale Dulhaniya Le Jayenge, Veer Zaara, Dhoom 2
- Raymond Chow - The Big Boss, Fist of Fury, Enter the Dragon, Project A, Winners and Sinners, Game of Death, Game of Death II.
- Ethan Coen - Blood Simple, Raising Arizona, Barton Fink, Fargo, No Country for Old Men
- Tom Cruise - Mission: Impossible, Vanilla Sky, Narc, The Others, Minority Report, War Of The Worlds, The Last Samurai, Shattered Glass
- Dean Devlin - Independence Day, Godzilla, The Patriot
- Lorenzo di Bonaventure - Constantine, Shooter, Transformers
- Leonardo DiCaprio - The Aviator, The 11th Hour
- Michael Douglas - Romancing the Stone, Jewel of the Nile, One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest.
- Eric Eisner - Risky Business, Beetlejuice, Hamlet 2
- Nora Ephron - Michael, You've Got Mail, Bewitched
- Robert Evans - Love Story, The Godfather, Chinatown, The Saint
- Chantal Feghali - Alexander, Cloverfield, Terminator Salvation, World Trade Center, I Know What You Did Last Summer, The Score, Sleepy Hollow, I Still Know What You Did Last Summer
- Peter Fonda - Easy Rider
- Mel Gibson - Braveheart, Passion of the Christ
- Richard N. Gladstein - Finding Neverland, The Bourne Identity, Pulp Fiction, The Cider House Rules.
- Charles (Chuck) Gordon - Field of Dreams, Waterworld, Die Hard, Die Hard II
- Brian Grazer - Splash, Parenthood, Apollo 13, The Grinch, A Beautiful Mind, The Da Vinci Code
- Matt Groening - The Simpsons, Futurama, The Simpsons Movie
- Paul Haggis - Crash, Million Dollar Baby, Letters from Iwo Jima
- Tom Hanks - Cast Away, Band of Brothers, My Big Fat Greek Wedding, The Polar Express, Evan Almighty, My Life in Ruins
- David Heyman-Harry Potter film series
- Shintaro Katsu - Shogun Assassin, Zatoichi Meets Yojimbo
- Howard Kazanjian - Raiders of the Lost Ark, Return of the Jedi, Demolition Man
- Kathleen Kennedy - The Sixth Sense, Always, Munich, Jurassic Park
- Alexander Korda - Things to Come, The Four Feathers, The Thief of Bagdad
- Stanley Kubrick - Fear and Desire, Killer's Kiss, Dr. Strangelove, 2001: A Space Odyssey, A Clockwork Orange, Barry Lyndon, The Shining, Full Metal Jacket, Eyes Wide Shut.
- Gary Kurtz - Star Wars, The Empire Strikes Back, The Dark Crystal
- Mark Lamarr - Never Mind the Buzzcocks
- J. F. Lawton - Under Siege, V.I.P., Jackson
- Jared Leto - Chapter 27
- George Lucas - Star Wars, Indiana Jones
- Branko Lustig - Schindler's List, Gladiator
- Charlie Lyons - The Guardian, The Water Horse, The Half Life of Timofey Berezin, Mardi Gras
- Eric Manes - Voices of Iraq
- Frank Marshall - The Bourne Identity, The Bourne Supremacy, The Bourne Ultimatum, Back to the Future trilogy, Jurassic Park, The Sixth Sense.
- W. David McBrayer - Beat the Drum
- Rick McCallum - Star Wars
- Arnon Milchan - Pretty Woman, Natural Born Killers, L.A. Confidential, City of Angels, Entrapment, Fight Club, Unfaithful, Daredevil, Mr. & Mrs. Smith, The Fountain, What Happens in Vegas
- Walter Mirisch - West Side Story, The Sound of Music
- Hayao Miyazaki - Spirited Away, Princess Mononoke, Whisper of the Heart
- Scott Mosier - Clerks, 'Mallrats, Chasing Amy
- Michael Nozik - Syriana, The Motorcycle Diaries, Quiz Show, The Legend of Bagger Vance, Mississippi Masala
- Tyler Perry - Diary of a Mad Black Woman, Madea's Family Reunion
- Jon Peters
- Julia Phillips - The Sting, Taxi Driver, Close Encounters of the Third Kind
- Hal Roach - Our Gang
- Marc Rosen - Threshold
- Robert Rodriguez - El Mariachi, Desperado, From Dusk Till Dawn, Grindhouse
- Scott Rudin - No Country for Old Men, School of Rock, The Royal Tenenbaums, Clueless
- Harry Saltzman - James Bond, Battle of Britain, The IPCRESS File
- Adam Sandler - The Waterboy, Big Daddy, Little Nicky, The Animal, Mr. Deeds, Eight Crazy Nights, The Hot Chick, Anger Management, 50 First Dates, The Longest Yard, Deuce Bigalow: European Gigolo, Click, Joe Dirt, I Now Pronounce You Chuck and Larry.
- Martin Scorsese - The Grifters, Naked in New York, The Aviator
- David O. Selznick - King Kong, Gone with the Wind, The Third Man
- Run Run Shaw - Come Drink with Me, Martial Club, Five Deadly Venoms, The 36th Chamber of Shaolin, Blade Runner
- Joel Silver - The Matrix, Lethal Weapon, Predator, Veronica Mars, V for Vendetta
- Sam Spiegel - The African Queen, Bridge on the River Kwai, Lawrence of Arabia
- Steven Spielberg - The Goonies, E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial, Poltergeist, Transformers (executive)
- Ben Stiller - Blades of Glory, Zoolander, The Ruins, Tropic Thunder
- Quentin Tarantino - From Dusk Till Dawn, Hostel, Grindhouse
- Irving Thalberg - Mutiny on the Bounty, The Hunchback of Notre Dame, Grand Hotel, A Night at the Opera
- Fran Walsh - The Lord of the Rings, King Kong, The Lovely Bones, Halo
- Hal B. Wallis - The Maltese Falcon, Casablanca
- Robert Watts - Return of the Jedi, Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom, Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade, You Only Live Twice
- Harvey Weinstein
- Joss Whedon - Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Angel, Firefly, Dr. Horrible's Sing-Along Blog, Dollhouse
- Ralph Winter - Star Trek V: The Final Frontier, Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country, X-Men, Fantastic Four, X2: X-Men United
- Buzz Feitshans - Rambo, Die Hard: With a Vengeance, Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines.
- Saul Zaentz - One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest, Amadeus, The English Patient
- Robert Zemeckis - The Frighteners, Matchstick Men, Monster House
- Darryl F. Zanuck - The Grapes of Wrath, All About Eve, The Longest Day
[edit] See also
- List of Hollywood movie studios
- List of movie-related topics
- Producers Guild of America
- Television producer
- Contrast with Film director
- Filmmaking
- Film production
[edit] References
- The Producer's Business Handbook by John J. Lee, Jr., Focal Press (2000)
- From Reel to Deal by Dov S-S Simens, Warner Books (2003)
[edit] External links
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