NTI in Action

Consolidating and Reducing Fissile Material

Accelerating Russian HEU Blend-down, Phase II
To build on a previous project to analyze options for accelerating the elimination through blend-down of excess Russian highly enriched uranium. This allows for additional analysis to optimize the options, promote the accelerated blend-down concept in the United States, Russia and Europe, as well as prepare additional data necessary for Russian government decision making.
Facilities and Institutes of Russian Ministry of Atomic Energy and others
Moscow, Russia
2005-2008

Removing HEU from Serbia
To contribute to the removal of poorly secured HEU from the Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences by supporting the decommissioning of its research reactor and management of remaining spent nuclear fuel.
International Atomic Energy Agency
Vienna, Austria
2002-2008

Planning to Secure and Remove HEU from Soviet-Supplied Research Reactors to Improve Safety and Reduce Proliferation Risks
To evaluate security, safety, regulatory, transportation and cost issues associated with removing fresh and spent HEU fuel from 24 poorly secured research reactors in 17 countries and to develop a comprehensive plan to achieve it.
International Atomic Energy Agency
Vienna, Austria
2002-2008

IAEA Project on Research Reactor Centers of Excellence and HEU Minimization
To develop research reactor coalitions and regional centers of excellence in order to help secure under-utilized research reactors and incentivize reactors to convert from highly enriched uranium (HEU) to low enriched uranium (LEU) fuel. In parallel, the IAEA will strengthen international support for user facilities and centers of excellence as the way to address the limited scientific missions that require HEU. In the process, the IAEA will emphasize safe and secure operations in a smaller number of facilities using HEU.
International Atomic Energy Agency
Vienna, Austria
2008-2010

Leveraging Resources to Address Nuclear Infrastructure and Human Capital

Development of Conversion Companies
To contribute $1 million to the Fund for Development of Conversion Companies, an existing Russian revolving loan fund, established to create permanent, commercially viable civilian businesses in the closed nuclear city of Sarov and provide sustainable employment for former weapons personnel.
Fund for Development of Conversion Companies
Sarov, Russia
2002-2008

Building Capacity at SarovLabs
To assist SarovLabs in becoming a self sustaining, commercial contract research organization that employs former weapons scientists by providing project management and marketing support.
SarovLabs
Sarov, Russia
2003-2008

Strategic Planning for Snezhinsk
To engage local and institute leaders from the closed nuclear city of Snezhinsk in strategic planning to support two key missions of the city over the next five years: downsizing the nuclear weapons facility and staff and securing the remaining nuclear materials at the site.
The Eisenhower Institute
Washington, DC, USA
2003-2008

Development of Open Technopark
To support project and infrastructure development in the new Open Technopark, located just outside the closed nuclear city of Sarov and in an area that provides free access to non-Russian companies and investors but still within an easy commute for former weapons scientists and engineers from Sarov. This project will contribute to the creation of new jobs not related to nuclear weapons and accelerate the transition to a smaller, more stable and more secure Russian nuclear weapons complex.
Center for Technologies Transfer“Sistema-Sarov”
Sarov, Russia
2005-2009

Building Global Cooperation on Security Goals

Launch of the World Institute for Nuclear Security (WINS)
To support the launch of the World Institute for Nuclear Security (WINS), a new independent, international institution to facilitate the collection and sharing of best practices in nuclear material security. Through this approach, WINS will improve the security of weapons-usable materials around the world and reducing the risk that such materials are available to terrorists.
World Institute for Nuclear Security
Vienna, Austria
2008-2010

U.S. Russia Nuclear Nonproliferation Workshop
To support a workshop on nuclear nonproliferation that brings together scientists, experts, and senior officials from the U.S. and Russia to find common ground in key areas of nuclear proliferation, countering nuclear terrorism, and moving toward a world free of nuclear weapons. Russian Academy of Sciences
Moscow, Russia
2008-2009

Strengthening the Global Partnership
To develop a constituency among and beyond the Group of Eight (G8) leading industrial nations for nuclear, biological and chemical threat reduction programs through partnerships with 21 security organizations from 16 nations. This project promotes the effective and timely implementation of the G8 Global Partnership Against the Spread of Weapons and Materials of Mass Destruction’s commitment to devote $20 billion to support nonproliferation projects, initially in Russia, over the next decade.
Center for Strategic and International Studies
Washington, DC, USA
2005-2008

Concept Development Grant for Low Enriched Uranium (LEU) Fuel Reserve to be Owned and Managed by the International Atomic Energy Agency
To promote the creation of a low enriched uranium (LEU) fuel reserve, owned and managed by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), to limit the spread of fuel cycle technology. Should NTI win the necessary support for this concept, up to $50 million will be put toward the initial establishment of such a reserve, to include the first three years of storage costs, the IAEA’s management and oversight costs, and the purchase of the initial LEU deposit. An LEU fuel reserve that is buffered from politically motivated disruptions of nuclear fuel supply will add a unique tool to current national and international efforts to significantly reduce the need for new enrichment facilities.
NTI and others
Washington, D.C., USA
Ongoing

Promoting Multilateral Approaches to the Nuclear Fuel Cycle in Russia
To promote the NTI fuel bank initiative and related subjects, including the Russian Angarsk international enrichment center project, by initiating a discussion among Russian governmental and nongovernmental experts and the media on the future of nuclear energy and the future role of international nuclear fuel cycle initiatives.
PIR Center for Policy Studies in Russia
Moscow, Russia
2007-2008

U.S. Russian Nonproliferation Working Group
To support the continued work of the NPWG by: analyzing trends that undermine strategic stability, with specific attention to ways in which these may exacerbate short decision-time postures and alert systems; actively re-shaping the nuclear enterprise; and advancing analysis and debate about the additional near-term steps that the U.S. and Russia could take to significantly reduce nuclear dangers.
Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University,
Cambridge, MA, USA
2008

Generating New Thinking on Reducing Nuclear Risks

Promoting Responsible Nuclear Stewardship in India
To promote responsible government policies and practices related to the safety and security of nuclear weapons and materials in India by developing educational materials for policymakers and facilitating meetings among nuclear experts in India and other nations.
Delhi Policy Group
New Delhi, India
2003-2008

Weapons of Mass Destruction Project
To support weapons of mass destruction related programs at the Institute of Peace and Conflict Studies, New Delhi. In particular, funding will contribute to projects in the following five areas: nuclear materials security, missile material cutoff treaty negotiations, WMD Web Module, India-U.S. Nuclear Deal, and supporting global standards for biosafety and security by helping to extend the International Council of the Life Sciences into India. Activities will focus on building capacity and an information base among elite audiences (policy makers, media and academia) through workshops, seminars and conferences and support of a web module.
Institute of Peace and Conflict Studies
New Delhi, India
2007-2009

Ballistic Missile Defense and Nuclear Stability in Asia
To assess the impact of ballistic missile defense on the strategic interactions and stability among India, Pakistan, China and Taiwan.
Center for International Security and Cooperation Stanford University
Palo Alto, CA, USA
2005-2008

Nuclear Modeling Project
To support a computer modeling project that aims to analyze the impact of increasing warning and decision time on strategic stability. This project will build upon existing computer modeling techniques and advance the state of the art in strategic assessment of de-alerting effects on strategic stability and deterrence.
World Security Institute
Washington, DC, USA
2008-2009

U.S. - Russia Civil Nuclear Cooperation
To contribute to an analysis of the U.S. - Russia Agreement for Nuclear Cooperation, including the legal requirements of such an agreement and candidate areas for U.S.-Russian technical cooperation, for use by experts and officials in considering the approval of such an agreement.
Center for Strategic and International Studies
Washington, D.C. USA
2008

Nuclear Security Project: Toward a Vision and Steps for a Nuclear Free World

To help build consensus for reversing reliance on nuclear weapons globally to prevent their spread into potentially dangerous hands, and ultimately end them as a threat to the world by closing analytic gaps and building momentum for action by leaders and experts in key countries around the world.
NTI
Washington, DC, USA
2007-2008

In support of the Nuclear Security Project activities described on page 23, the following is a list of the external grants made by NTI in 2008.

International Outreach Planning
To assess the political attitudes in key countries toward the vision and the steps necessary for nuclear disarmament. The project included engaging with international experts and performing background research to assist the international outreach component of the NSP.
Center for Strategic and International Studies
Washington, DC, USA
2008-2009

Fissile Material Control Initiative
To develop and gauge international receptivity to an informal, voluntary regime to govern the physical protection and reduction of weaponsusable fissile materials. Activities included a workshop of project sponsors in Berlin and travel to several countries to record reactions to the initiative.
Center for Strategic and International Studies
Washington, DC, USA
2008-2009

Scientific Findings on CTBT Verification Capabilities
To present to policymakers and members of the non-governmental policy community in Washington the findings of an independent study on the verification capabilities of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Organization’s (CTBTO) International Monitoring System (IMS). The study is examining progress in the technology used to verify nuclear explosions since the test ban treaty was negotiated in 1996.
Center for Strategic and International Studies [American Association for the Advancement of Science]
Washington, DC, USA
2008-2009

Nuclear Delivery Platforms in NATO: A Stocktake
To produce a study on NATO nuclear delivery platforms and what their existing service life portends for the future of the alliance’s nuclear mission. The project informs the NSP’s European outreach effort by assessing the status of nuclear capabilities within NATO, allowing for the development of tailored strategies to address threat reduction measures in Europe.
Royal United Services Institute
London, UK
2008-2009

PIR Center Partnership with the NSP
To promote dialogue among Russia’s security and nonproliferation community on Russia’s nuclear agenda and role in arms control and disarmament efforts. Activities include workshops bringing together US and Russian experts and publications in RUSI’s journal, Security Index, by US and Russian co-authors. PIR is also creating a section of the organization’s website dedicated to discussion about the vision and the steps of a nuclear free world.
PIR Center
Moscow, Russia
2008-2009

Lowy Institute Partnership with the NSP
To hold consultations on nuclear issues with officials, experts and opinionmakers in Australia and key Asian states, host public lectures on the challenge of nuclear non-proliferation and disarmament, and publish original research proposing fresh policy approaches.
Lowy Institute for International Policy
Sydney Australia
2008-2009

PRIF Partnership with the NSP
To conduct studies on transparency in nuclear weapon states, enforcement mechanisms for a nuclear weapons free world, FMCT verification, and the stability of the NPT regime. In addition, PRIF will also advise the NSP in its activities in Europe.
Peace Research Institute Frankfurt
Frankfurt, Germany
2008-2009

Addressing the Future of Nuclear Weapons
To support a two-day planning meeting for a track-two, trilateral dialogue between India, Pakistan, and China on nuclear disarmament and a coordinated diplomatic approach for Asian nuclear threat reduction measures. Among the topics to be discussed at the meeting are the nuclear doctrines of the three countries, political issues hindering regional nuclear disarmament, and a ban on the production of fissile materials.
Institute for Peace and Conflict Studies
New Delhi
2008

Strengthening Global Disease Surveillance

Middle East Consortium on Infectious Disease Surveillance
To improve regional capacity for infectious disease surveillance in the Middle East by developing a food-borne and water-borne disease surveillance system uniting Israel, the Palestinian Authority and Jordan, and by designing an infectious disease epidemiology course to build regional rapid response capabilities in the event of disease outbreaks. Financial support is provided by the World Bank, Gates Foundation and the United Kingdom Foreign and Commonwealth Office.
NTI and others
2002-2009

Rapid Outbreak Response Revolving Fund
To create within the World Health Organization an account dedicated to supporting rapid emergency response to infectious disease outbreaks.
World Health Organization
Geneva, Switzerland
2003-2008

Strengthening National Health Preparedness
To assess preparedness for biological and chemical attacks in several nations by establishing and testing a set of international guidelines for preparedness, comparing them against existing public health capabilities that states have in place and making recommendations for improving those capabilities.
World Health Organization
Geneva, Switzerland
2004-2009

Biological Weapons Threat Reduction: Expanding Outbreak Reporting and Education in the New Independent States
To reduce the threat of biological weapons and other emerging infectious diseases in the New Independent States, the International Society for Infectious Diseases will expand the scope of a Russian language– based electronic network (PROMED) that rapidly disseminates information about outbreaks of infectious diseases, including potential biological weapons attacks, to include more physicians, scientists and public health officials throughout the New Independent States.
International Society for Infectious Diseases
Brookline, MA, USA
2005-2008

Developing Diagnostic Kits for Select Biological Agents
To develop rapid diagnostic tests for select biological agents of most significance to Russia, to introduce them to healthcare practices and to organize manufacturing of such tests. Once developed, these tests could help fill a critical global need for better diagnostic tests for the detection of infectious diseases.
Moscow State Central Research Institute for Epidemiology of the Health
Ministry of Russia
Moscow, Russia
2005-2008

Creating a Regional Disease Surveillance System in South Asia
To develop a regional disease surveillance network that would initially bring together India, Pakistan and Bangladesh.
2005-2008

Improving Biological Threat Detection and Surveillance in Russia
To convene Russian and international disease control experts in arriving at a consensus on a direct action project to improve the early detection and surveillance of biological threats in Russia.
2006-2008

Joint Training on Laboratory Biosecurity and Biosafety in Egypt
To support a workshop to raise awareness of the threat of bioterrorism and the need for safe and secure handling of dangerous biological materials in bioscience facilities.
Academy of Scientific Research and Technology
Cairo, Egypt
2006-2008

Enhancing the Mekong Basin Disease Surveillance Network (MBDS)
To strengthen national and sub-regional disease surveillance capacity in the Mekong Basin area (Cambodia, China, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam) by developing human resource and laboratory capacity that operates across borders, responds quickly to regional disease threats, and works to create equity in the national capacities to detect and respond to local outbreaks, and, hence, prevent regional or even global emergencies. Financial support is provided by Google.org.
2008-2009

Pandemic Influenza Simulation Exercises in Southeast Asia
To strengthen national and sub-regional disease surveillance capacity in the Mekong Basin area (Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and China-Yunnan province), and develop a system that operates across borders, responds quickly to regional disease threats, and works to create equity in the national capacities to detect and respond to local outbreaks, and, hence, prevent regional or even global emergencies.
NTI and others
2006-2008

Connecting Regional Infectious Disease Surveillance Networks, Bellagio
To strengthen and create new regional disease surveillance networks by bringing together representatives from infectious disease surveillance networks in Africa, the Americas, Europe and the Middle East in Bellagio, Italy, to share best practices and lessons learned. Financial support is provided by the Rockefeller Foundation.
2007-2008

Connecting Health Organizations for Regional Disease Surveillance (CHORDS)
To implement the Bellagio Call for Action and continue the activities of a global community of infectious disease surveillance practice created by the December 2007 Bellagio meeting. With a select group of international experts to oversee the process, GHSI will establish working groups to develop strategies and materials for an international conference to be held in early 2010. Financial support is provided by the Rockefeller Foundation.
2008-2010

Control of Drug Resistant Tuberculosis in North Korea
To develop a professional exchange with health specialists in North Korea and build capacity for control of drug resistant tuberculosis.
NTI and others
2007-2010

Rapid Response Teams to Myanmar for Post- Cyclone Relief
To provide financial support to the Mekong Basin Disease Surveillance Network (MBDS) to assist in the deployment of Rapid Response Teams to Myanmar in the aftermath of Cyclone Nargis by covering the costs for transportation to/from Myanmar, communication, and translators.
2008

Southern African Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance
To assist in the development of a consortium that enhances the Southern Africa region’s capacity for the detection, identification and monitoring of infectious diseases and thereby contribute to enhancing national capacities of countries in the region for the surveillance of infectious diseases, including emerging and previously unknown diseases. Develop a Secretariat and governance structure for the Southern African Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance (SACIDS). Initially, the consortium members include academic and research medical and veterinary institutions of the Democratic Republic of Congo, Mozambique, Tanzania, South Africa and Zambia. Financial support is provided by Google.org.
NTI and others
2008-2009

Promoting Safe and Secure Science

AAAS-NTI Fellowship in Global Security
To strengthen scientific expertise in national security policymaking and encourage scientists to pursue careers in this arena, by supporting biomedical/public health experts to work on national security issues in the U.S. government through a oneyear fellowship.
American Association for the Advancement of Science
Washington, DC, USA
2001-2008

Brucellosis Vaccine Research
To develop a new vaccine, employing former Soviet bioweapons scientists, to contribute to the management of this disease that threatens domestic and wild animal populations around the world.
All-Russian Research Veterinary Institute Kazan, Russia; International Science and Technology Center
Moscow, Russia (in conjunction with the U.S. Department of State)
2003-2008

Educating and Training the International Life Sciences Community on Dual-Use Dangers
To assess the best methods for educating and training life scientists about the risks of dual-use technologies and research and to cultivate a project for curriculum development in this area.
2005-2008

Employing Former Bioweapons Scientists in Russia to Manufacture Diagnostic Enzymes for Endemic Infectious Disease Threats
To redirect former bioweapons scientists who were at risk of unemployment due to ongoing bankruptcy procedures at the State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology (SRCAM) Obolensk, by providing them with alternative, longterm employment relevant to their scientific expertise.
SRCAM
Obolensk, Moscow Region, Russia
2005-2008

International Council for the Life Sciences
To support and sustain an organization to promote best practices and standards for biosafety and biosecurity among the Life Sciences Community to reduce potential proliferation of dangerous pathogens and the misuse of technical information.
International Council for the Life Sciences
Washington, DC, USA
2005-2009

Regional Training Centers for Biological Safety and Security
To develop a comprehensive strategy for establishing regional training centers for biological safety and security in the Middle East/Gulf/North Africa region and eventually in South and South East Asia. The centers will offer life scientists and laboratory staff on-site technical training in the highest biosafety and biosecurity standards and practices, tailored specifically to their work and regional concerns.
NTI and others
2007-2009

Regional Reference Laboratory for Viral Hepatitis
To set up a reference laboratory at the facilities of the State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology (VECTOR) that will meet all national and international requirements and regulations for diagnostic work involving the use of molecular biological methods.
VECTOR
Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia
2007-2009

Securing and Destroying Chemical Weapons Stockpiles

Supporting Russian Chemical Weapons Destruction
To provide $1 million, matched by a minimum of $2 million from other sources, for high-priority infrastructure development for the Shchuch'ye Chemical Weapons Destruction Facility. Global Partnership Program; Canada Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade Ottawa, Canada 2001-2006

Global Security Newswire
To support a daily news service — available exclusively on the NTI website —with original reporting and a comprehensive snapshot of the day's global news on nuclear, biological and chemical weapons, terrorism and missile issues.
National Journal Group, Inc.
Washington, DC, USA
2008-2009

Online Research Center and Library
To build, expand and update a comprehensive online research library with information, analysis and educational materials about the threats from nuclear, biological and chemical weapons. The library builds on the most comprehensive opensource nonproliferation databases in the world and brings together a range of expert opinion and analysis on these issues.
Monterey Institute of International Studies Center for Nonproliferation Studies
Monterey, CA, USA
2008-2009

Securing the Bomb
To track the progress and budgets of global nuclear security programs with an annual report and website and make recommendations for accelerating the pace and effectiveness of threat reduction work.
Project on Managing the Atom, Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs John F. Kennedy School of Government Harvard University
Cambridge, MA, USA
2006-2008

Global Health and Security Outreach
To develop and implement outreach activities to advance the agenda and activities of NTI's Global Health and Security Initiative.
NTI
Washington, DC, USA
2004-2008

South Asian Security and WMD Website Module
To continue a weapons of mass destruction module on the Institute of Peace and Conflict Studies website that draws from South Asian, Chinese and Central Asian sources and provides comprehensive news analysis and reference materials relating to nuclear, chemical and biological weapons and to support research, workshops and publications on nonproliferation and nuclear, biological and chemical threats.
Institute of Peace and Conflict Studies
New Delhi, India
2004-2008

Safer World Action Network
To engage and expand the network of individuals interested in efforts to reduce the threats from nuclear, biological and chemical weapons and materials with the goal of inspiring individuals to become personally involved in efforts to expand and accelerate the pace of work to reduce these threats.
NTI
Washington, DC, USA
2006-2008

Research and Analysis
To conduct research and analysis to support NTI projects and activities.
Monterey Institute of International Studies Center for Nonproliferation Studies
Monterey, CA, USA
2004-2008

Public Education Project: Turning the "D" into an "A"
To support NTI and Families of September 11 in raising public awareness about nuclear dangers throughout the United States. Activities include screenings and discussions about the film Last Best Chance, television public service announcements, and distributing educational materials that can be used in university courses to professors across the country.
NTI
Washington, DC, USA
2006-2008