List of active autonomist and secessionist movements

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Contents 1 Africa 1.1 Algeria 1.2 Angola 1.3 Cameroon 1.4 Comoros 1.5 Côte d'Ivoire 1.6 Democratic Republic of the Congo (Congo-Kinshasa) 1.7 Egypt 1.8 Equatorial Guinea 1.9 Ethiopia 1.10 France (Africa) 1.11 Kenya 1.12 Mauritius 1.13 Morocco 1.14 Namibia 1.15 Niger 1.16 Nigeria 1.17 Rwanda 1.18 Senegal 1.19 Somalia 1.20 South Africa 1.21 Spain (Africa) 1.22 Sudan 1.23 Tanzania 1.24 Zambia 2 Asia 2.1 Afghanistan 2.2 Azerbaijan 2.3 Bangladesh 2.4 Burma 2.5 People's Republic of China 2.6 Georgia 2.7 India 2.8 Indonesia 2.9 Japan 2.10 Laos 2.11 Pakistan 2.12 Philippines 2.13 Russia (Asia) 2.14 Sri Lanka 2.15 Republic of China (Taiwan) 2.16 Tajikistan 2.17 Thailand 2.18 Turkey 2.19 Uzbekistan 2.20 Vietnam 3 The Middle East 3.1 Iran 3.2 Iraq 3.3 Israel 3.4 Syria 3.5 Yemen 4 Europe 4.1 Albania 4.2 Belgium 4.3 Bosnia and Herzegovina 4.4 Croatia 4.5 Cyprus 4.6 Czech Republic 4.7 Denmark 4.8 Finland 4.9 France (Europe) 4.10 Germany 4.11 Italy 4.12 Kosovo 4.13 Lithuania 4.14 Macedonia 4.15 Moldova 4.16 Netherlands 4.17 Norway 4.18 Poland 4.19 Romania 4.20 Russia (Europe) 4.21 Serbia 4.22 Spain (Europe) 4.23 Sweden 4.24 Switzerland 4.25 Ukraine 4.26 United Kingdom (Europe) and Crown Dependencies 5 North America 5.1 Canada 5.2 Denmark (North America) 5.3 Mexico 5.4 United Kingdom (North America) 5.5 United States (North America) 6 Central America and Caribbean 6.1 France (Caribbean) 6.2 Nicaragua 6.3 St. Kitts and Nevis 6.4 Trinidad and Tobago 6.5 United Kingdom (Caribbean) 6.6 United States (Caribbean) 6.7 U.S. Virgin Islands and British Virgin Islands 7 South America 7.1 Argentina 7.2 Brazil 7.3 France (Caribbean) 7.4 Chile 7.5 Peru 7.6 Venezuela 8 Oceania 8.1 Australia 8.2 Chile 8.3 Fiji 8.4 France (Oceania) 8.5 Kiribati 8.6 New Zealand 8.7 Papua New Guinea 8.8 United States (Oceania) 8.9 Vanuatu 9 See also 10 References 11 External links

This is a list of currently active autonomist and secessionist movements around the world.

Entries on this list meet two criteria: they are active movements with living, active members, and they are seeking greater autonomy or self-determination for a geographic region (as opposed to personal autonomy). What is and is not considered an autonomy or secession movement is, of course, contentious.

Under each region listed is one or more of the following:

• Proposed state: proposed name for the seceding state
• De facto state: for regions with de facto autonomy from the government (replaces proposed state unless both are of different names, such as Taiwan)
• Proposed autonomous region: for movements toward greater autonomy but not outright secession (can be used alongside the above fields for the same region)
• Government-in-exile: if a government with or without control is based outside of the region in question
• Political party/ies: for organizations involved in a political system to push for autonomy or secession
• Militant organization(s): for armed organizations (may also be used for political parties that have taken up arms, such as Hamas)
• Pressure group(s): for non-belligerent, non-politically participatory entities

[edit] Africa

[edit] Algeria

• Kabyles
  • Proposed state: Kabylie
  • Political party: Mouvement pour l'Autonomie de la Kabylie^[1]

[edit] Angola

• Cabinda (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Proposed state: Republic of Cabinda^[2]
  • Government-in-exile: Frente para a Libertação do Enclave de Cabinda (FLEC)
  • Political party: Frente para a Libertação do Enclave de Cabinda (FLEC)
  • Militant organization: Forças Armadas de Cabinda (FAC)

[edit] Cameroon

• Bakassi Peninsula
  • Proposed state: Democratic Republic of Bakassi^[3]
• Southern Cameroons (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Proposed state: Federal Republic of Southern Cameroon, Ambazonia
  • Political party: Southern Cameroons National Council^[4]

[edit] Comoros

• Anjouan
  • Political parties: Anjouan People's Movement, Mouvement Populaire Anjouanais, Mawana^[5]
• Mohéli
  • Proposed state: Democratic Republic of Mwali^[6]

[edit] Côte d'Ivoire

• Northern Regions
  • Proposed state: Republique des les Regions Nordenses.
  • Pressure groups: Patriotic Movement of Côte d'Ivoire" (MPCI), Mouvement populaire ivoirien du Grand Ouest (MPIGO), Movement for Justice and Peace (MJP)^[7]

[edit] Democratic Republic of the Congo (Congo-Kinshasa)

• Bas-Congo
  • Pressure group: Bundu dia Kongo
  • Proposed state: Kingdom of Kongo^[8]
• Katanga
  • Political parties: Confédération des Associations de Katanga Tribales, Union of Independent Federalists and Republicans
  • Militant organizations: Mai-Mai community-based militia groups^[9]
  • Status: Sporadic violence
• Kwili, Kivu, Bukavu
  • Status: Confused fighting in progress^[10]

[edit] Egypt

• Copts
  • Proposed state: Coptic Pharaonic Republic
  • Pressure group: Coptic Christians living abroad^[11]

[edit] Equatorial Guinea

• Bioko
  • Pressure group: Movement for the Self-Determination of Bioko Island
  • Status: The indigenous Bubi people are now outnumbered by Fernandinos and Fang immigrants from the mainland.^[12]

[edit] Ethiopia

• Gambela Region
  • Militant organization: Gambella Peoples Liberation Front
• Ogaden ( Somali Region)
  • Proposed state: Republic of Ogadenia (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Political party: Ogaden National Liberation Front, Western Somali Liberation Front, Ogaden Republican Army
  • Pressure group: Ogaden Youth Association
• Oromia Region
  • Militant organizations: Oromo Independence Movement, Oromo Liberation Front, Islamic Front for the Liberation of Oromia, Conference of Oromiya Peoples Liberation Front

[edit] France (Africa)

• Réunion

Secessionist movements

• Political party: Lorganizasion Popilèr po Libèr nout Péi (Lplp) – Popular Front for National Liberation: comprising of Nasion Rénioné, Mar, Drapo rouz, Patriot rénioné and Mir.
• Political party: Marxist–Leninist Communist Organisation of Réunion

• Mayotte continues to have autonomist movements despite the island having voted to become France's 101st department in 2011.^[13]

Autonomist movements

• Political party: Communist Party of Réunion

[edit] Kenya

• Somalis in Kenya

[edit] Mauritius

• Rodrigues Island^[14]

[edit] Morocco

• Western Sahara
  • Proposed state: Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
  • Ethnic Group: Sahrawi people
  • De facto state: Free Zone
  • Government-in-exile: Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic based in refugee camps in Tindouf Province, Algeria^[15]
  • Political party: Polisario Front
  • Militant organisation: Polisario Front

[edit] Namibia

• Caprivi
  • Ethnic Group: Lozi
  • Proposed state: Free State of Caprivi Strip/Itenge^[16]
  • Political party: Caprivi African National Union
  • Militant organization: Caprivi Liberation Army^[17]

[edit] Niger

• Agadez Department
  • Ethnic Group: Tuareg people
  • Militant organization: Revolutionary Armed Forces of the Sahara
  • Political parties: Taniminnak Tidot N Tenere, Tidot Union of Tenere.
  • Proposed state: Akal N Tenere, Tenere Republic

[edit] Nigeria

• Bakassi Peninsula
  • Proposed state: Democratic Republic of Bakassi
• Igbo
  • Proposed state: Biafra (defunct)
  • Political party: Movement for the Actualization of the Sovereign State of Biafra
• Ijaw
  • Proposed state: Niger Delta Republic
  • Militant organization: Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta, Niger Delta People's Volunteer Force
• Ogoni
  • Political party: Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People
• Yoruba
  • Proposed state: Oduduwa Republic of the Yorubas
  • Political party: Oodua Republic Front

[edit] Rwanda

• Batwa (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Political party: Association for the Promotion of Batwa

[edit] Senegal

• Casamance
  • Militant organization: Movement of Democratic Forces of Casamance^[18]

[edit] Somalia

• Jubaland
  • Proposed state: Republic of Jubaland
  • Militant organization: Somali Patriotic Movement
• Maakhir
•  Puntland
  • Autonomous region: Republic of Puntland State of Somalia
  • Political party: Somali Salvation Democratic Front
•  Somaliland
  • De facto state: Republic of Somaliland
  • Political party: Somali National Movement
• Southwestern Somalia
  • Proposed autonomous region: State of Southwestern Somalia
  • Militant organization: Rahanwein Resistance Army

[edit] South Africa

• Boere-Afrikaners
  • Proposed state: Volkstaat^[19]
  • Political Party: Freedom Front Plus
  • Pressure group: Orania Movement
  • Militant organization: Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging, Boeremag

• Cape Party

• Thembu people
  • Proposed state:Thembuland.^[20]

[edit] Spain (Africa)

• Canary Islands
  • Political party: Congreso Nacional de Canarias (MPAIAC party), Alternativa Nacionalista Canaria, Unidad del Pueblo
  • Youth movement: Inekaren, Azarug
  • Trade union: Intersindical Canaria, Frente Sindical Obrero de Canarias
  • Militant organization: MPAIAC (defunct)

[edit] Sudan

• Beja
  • Militant organization: Beja Congress
• Darfur
  • Militant organization: Darfur Liberation Front
• Eastern Sudan
  • Militant organization: Eastern Front (Sudan)
• Southern Sudan
  • Proposed state: Southern Sudan

[edit] Tanzania

• Zanzibar (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Political party: Civic United Front

[edit] Zambia

• Barotse
  • Ethnic Group: Lozi
  • Proposed state: Barotseland
  • Militant organization: Barotse Patriotic Front^[21]

[edit] Asia

[edit] Afghanistan

• Badakhshan (Wakhan Corridor)
  • Political party: Lali Badakhshon
  • Proposed autonomous region: United Badakhshan Peoples Republic^[22]
• Pashtunistan

[edit] Azerbaijan

• Nagorno-Karabakh
  • De facto state: Nagorno-Karabakh Republic^[23]
• Talysh-Mughan
  • Proposed autonomous region: Talysh-Mughan Autonomous Republic^[24]

[edit] Bangladesh

• Chittagong Hill Tracts (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
• Political Party: Parbatya Chattagram Jana Sanghati Samiti^[25][26]
• Proposed Autonomous Region: Jummaland Autonomous Region
• Militant orgnaization: Banga Sena
• Proposed State: Hindu Republic of Bangabhumi

[edit] Burma

• Arakan
  • Pressure group: Arakan Independence Alliance
• Chin
  • Militant organization: Chin National Front
  • Proposed state: Chinland
• Kachin
  • Political party: Kachin National Organization
  • Proposed state: Kachinland
• Karen
  • Pressure group: Karen National Union
  • Militant organization: Karen National Liberation Army
  • Proposed state: Republic of Kawthoolei
• Karenni (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Pressure group: Karenni National Progressive Party
  • Militant organization: Karenni Army
  • Government-in-exile: Karenni Provisional Government
  • Proposed state: United Karenni Independent States
• Kuki
  • Pressure group: Kuki National Organisation
  • Militant organization: Kuki National Army
  • Proposed state: Kukiland
• Mon
  • Political party: New Mon State Party
• Nagaland
  • Militant organization: National Socialist Council of Nagaland
  • Government-in-exile: Government of the People's Republic of Nagaland
  • Proposed state: Nagalim, or Peoples Republic of Nagaland
• Rakhine people
  • Pressure group: Arakan Rohingya National Organization
• Shan (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Political party: Shan Democratic Union
  • Pressure group: Restoration Council of Shan State
  • Militant organization: Shan State Army
  • Proposed state: Federated Shan States
• Wa
  • Political party: United Wa State Party
  • Militant organization: United Wa State Army
  • Proposed state: Wa State
• Zomi
  • Political parties: Zomi National Congress, Zomi Reunification Organization
  • Militant organizations: Zomi National Front/Army, Zomi Revolutionary Army
  • Proposed state: Zogam, or Federated State of Zomi

[edit] People's Republic of China

Secessionist movements

•  Hong Kong
  • Pressure groups: Hong Konger Front; it is unclear whether this actually exists as an organisation.
  • Proposed state: Republic of Hong Kong^[27]
• Inner Mongolia (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Political parties: Inner Mongolian People's Party, Southern Mongolian Democratic Alliance^[28]
• Tibet (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • The 14th Dalai Lama, head of the Government-in-exile: Tibetan Government in Exile^[29]
  • Political party: International Tibet Independence Movement, National Democratic Party of Tibet, United Liberation Front of Tibet^[30]
  • Pressure groups: Students for a Free Tibet
  • See also: 2008 unrest in Tibet
• East Turkestan / Xinjiang (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Militant organization: East Turkestan Islamic Movement
  • Political party: East Turkestan Government in Exile
  • Proposed state: Eastern Turkestan Republic^[31]
  • Pressure groups: World Uyghur Congress

Autonomist movements

• Macau
  • Political party: New Democratic Macau Association^[32]

[edit] Georgia

• Abkhazia (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • De facto state: Republic of Abkhazia
• Armenians in Samtskhe-Javakheti region
  • Pressure group: Javakhk, United Javakhk Democratic Alliance, Virk
  • Proposed autonomous region: Javakhk autonomous region
• South Ossetia
  • De facto state: Republic of South Ossetia

[edit] India

• Andhra Pradesh
  • Political party: Jai Andhra^[33]
• Arunachal Pradesh
  • Militant organization: Arunachal Dragon Force
  • Proposed autonomous region: Teola country^[34]
• Assam

See also under Bodoland, Dimasaland, Kamtapur, Karbi below.

• • Militant organization: United Liberation Front of Assam, Muslim United Liberation Tigers of Assam^[35]
• Bodoland
  • Political parties: National Democratic Front of Bodoland
• Dimasaland
  • Political party: Dima Halim Daogah (Two factions)
• Garo
  • Militant organizations: People's Liberation Front of Meghalaya/Achik National Volunteer Council^[36]
  • Proposed autonomous region: Achikland
• Jammu and Kashmir - (Occupied/Disputed Area)
  • Militant organizations: Lashkar-e-Toiba, Harkat-ul-mujahideen
  • Proposed state: Unification with Pakistan
  • Political organizations: All Parties Hurriyat Conference, Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front
  • Proposed state: Independent State of Kashmir
• Kamtapur
  • Political party: Kamtapur Peoples Party (political wing of KLO)
  • Militant organizations: Kamtapur Liberation Organisation, Koch-Rajbongshi Liberation Organisation
  • Proposed autonomous region: Kamtapur state curved out of West Bengal
• Karbi
  • Militant organization: Karbi National Volunteers, United People’s Democratic Solidarity^[37]
  • Proposed autonomous region: Karbi-Anglong^{[citation needed]}
• Nagaland
  • Militant organization: National Socialist Council of Nagaland
  • Government-in-exile: Government of the People’s Republic of Nagaland
  • Proposed state: Nagalim, or Peoples Republic of Nagaland
• Manipur
  • Militant organizations: Hmar People's Convention–Democrat, Manipur People’s Liberation Front, United National Liberation Front, Revolutionary People's Front of Manipur, People's Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak^[38]
• Mizoram^{[citation needed]}
  • Militant organizations: Zomi Revolutionary Organization^{[citation needed]}, Mizoram Farmers Liberation Force^{[citation needed]}
  • Proposed state: Zozam^{[citation needed]}
• Punjab
  • Proposed state: Khalistan
  • Militant organizations: Khalistan Commando Force, Babbar Khalsa International, Khalistan Zindabad Force, International Sikh Youth Federation, Khalistan Liberation Force
• Rayalaseema^{[citation needed]}
• Tamil Nadu^{[citation needed]}
  • Militant organizations: Tamil National Retrieval Troops, Tamil Nadu Liberation Army
• Tripura
  • Militant organizations: National Liberation Front of Tripura (two factions operating), All Tripura Tiger Force
• Vidarbha
  • Political parties: Vidarbha Rajya Party, Vidarbha Vikas Party, seeking to separate Vidarbha from Maharashtra.
• Zomi^{[citation needed]}
  • Political parties: Zomi National Congress^{[citation needed]}

[edit] Indonesia

• South Moluccas (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Government-in-exile: Republik Maluku Selatan
  • Pressure group: Maluku Sovereignty Front
• West Papua
  • Militant organization: Free Papua Movement
• Riau
• Sulawesi
• Bali
  • Proposed state: Republic of Bali
  • Pressure group: Bali Independence Movement
• Eastern Java
  • Proposed state: Republic of East(ern) Java
  • Pressure groups: Local community political activists.
• North-western Sumatra (Aceh)
  • Proposed state: Free Aceh
  • Pressure groups: Free Aceh Movement (Gerakan Aceh Merdeka)

[edit] Japan

• Ryūkyūs, Ryukyuan people
  • Proposed state: Republic of the Ryūkyūs
  • Political party: Ryukyu independence movement, Kariyushi Club (formerly "Ryūkyū Independent Party")

[edit] Laos

• Hmong

[edit] Pakistan

• Balochistan^[39]
  • Militant organization: Balochistan Liberation Front, Balochistan Liberation Army
• Pashtunistan
• Sindh: Sindhudesh [1]

[edit] Philippines

• Bangsamoro
  • Political party: Moro National Liberation Front
  • Militant organization: Moro Islamic Liberation Front
  • Proposed state: Federal Republic of Mindanao, Bangsamoro Juridical Entity
• Cordillera (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Political party: Cordillera Bodong Association
  • Militant organization: Cordillera People's Liberation Army

[edit] Russia (Asia)

• Altai Republic^{[citation needed]}
• Buryatia (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Political party: All Buryat Association for the Development of Culture
• Khakassia^{[citation needed]}
• Sakha^{[citation needed]}
  • Political party: Sakha-Amuk
• Tuva (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Political party: People's Party of Sovereign Tuva, People's Front "Free Tuva"

[edit] Sri Lanka

• Tamil
  • Proposed state: Tamil Eelam
  • Militant organization: Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (militarily inactive)^[40]

[edit] Republic of China (Taiwan)

• Taiwan (Main article: Taiwan independence, Political status of Taiwan) (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Political parties: Pan-Green Coalition (Democratic Progressive Party, Taiwan Solidarity Union, Taiwan Independence Party)
  • Proposed state: Republic of Taiwan
  • De facto state: Republic of China^[41]

[edit] Tajikistan

• Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region
  • Political party: Lali Badakhshon^[22]

[edit] Thailand

• Patani
  • Militant organization: Patani United Liberation Organization (PULO) (irredentist)
  • Proposed state: "Greater Patani State" (Negara Patani Raya)^[42]

[edit] Turkey

• Assyrian/Chaldean/Syriac people (politically divided between Iraq, Iran, Lebanon, Syria and Turkey; see respective entries) (Assyria is a member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  See also: Assyrian independence
• Kurdish people
  • Militant organization: Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK)
  • Proposed state: Kurdistan^[43]

[edit] Uzbekistan

• Karakalpakstan

• Group: Free Karakalpakstan National Revival Party (obscure: possibly only exists on the Internet)^[44]

[edit] Vietnam

• Degar
  • Proposed autonomous region: Tây Nguyên
  • Pressure group: Montagnard Foundation^[45]

[edit] The Middle East

[edit] Iran

• Assyrian people
  See also: Assyrian independence

• Status: Politically divided between Iraq, Iran, Syria and Turkey; see respective entries
• Assyria is a member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization

• Kurdish people

• Political parties: Kurdistan Democratic Party of Iran (KDPI), Kurdistan Independence Party (PSK)
• Militant organizations: Party for a Free Life in Kurdistan (PJAK), Komalah
• Proposed state: Kurdistan^[46]

• Balochistan (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)

• Status: Formal groups not identified, but pressure for independence of Baloch people^[47]
• Jundallah

• Arabistan (Khuzestan)^[48]
  See also: Politics of Khūzestān Province
  • Militant organizations: Al-Ahwaz Arab People's Democratic Popular Front, Ahwaz Arab Renaissance Party, Ahwaz Liberation Organisation
  • Pressure group: Democratic Solidarity Party of Al-Ahwaz
• Azerbaijan

• Proposed state: To be a part of Azerbaijan (supported only by a small minority)^[49]

[edit] Iraq

• Assyrian people (politically divided between Iraq, Iran, Lebanon, Syria and Turkey; see respective entries) (The Assyrian Universal Alliance is a member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  See also: Assyrian independence
  • Political party: Assyrian Universal Alliance (AUA)
  • Proposed autonomous region: Assyria
• Kurdish people (the Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP) and the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK) are members of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Political parties: Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP) and the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK)
  • Proposed state: Kurdistan
• Shi'a Muslims
  • Political Supreme Islamic Iraqi Council
• Iraqi Turkmen (The Iraqi National Turkmen Party is a member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Political party: Iraqi Turkmen Front (ITF) (goal: recognition of Turkmen as a national minority)

[edit] Israel

• Palestine (Main article: Proposals for a Palestinian state)
  • Militant organizations: al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade (now officially known as al-Shaid Yasser Arafat Brigades), Hamas, Palestinian Islamic Jihad, Tanzim
  • Political parties: Hamas, Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine, Fatah, Palestine Liberation Front, Palestine Liberation Organisation, Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine
  • De facto autonomous government: Palestinian National Authority
• Jewish settlers in Judea (and Samaria)
  • Proposed state: State of Judea

[edit] Syria

• Assyrian people (politically divided between Iraq, Iran, Lebanon, Syria and Turkey; see respective entries) (Assyria is a member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization) {{See also|[[Assyrian independence}}
• Kurdish people
  • Political party: Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP)
  • Militant organization: Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK)
  • Proposed state: Kurdistan

[edit] Yemen

• Tribal and regional factions call for autonomous rights in the Aden and Dhofar regions.
• South Yemen
  • Proposed state: South Yemen^[50]
  • Political party: Southern Movement

[edit] Europe

Various ethnic groups in Europe are seeking greater autonomy or independence. In the European Union, several of these groups are members of the European Free Alliance. In some cases, the group seeks union with a neighboring country.

[edit] Albania

• Greeks in Albania
  • Proposed state, Proposed autonomous region
    • Northern Epirus
    • Irredentism is also reported for reunification with Greece.

[edit] Belgium

• Brussels-Capital Region
  • Political parties (seeking a union with France):
    • Rassemblement Bruxelles-France
  • Political parties (seeking a union with Flanders):
    • Lijst Dedecker
    • Nieuw-Vlaamse Alliantie (member of the European Free Alliance )
    • Vlaams Belang member of the Identity, Tradition, Sovereignty-Group
• Flemish Region
  • Political parties (seeking independence or confederation and, in some cases, a certain degree of cooperation with the Netherlands):
    • Lijst Dedecker
    • Nieuw-Vlaamse Alliantie (member of the European Free Alliance )
    • Vlaams Belang member of the Identity, Tradition, Sovereignty-Group
• German-speaking Community of Belgium
  • Political parties:
    • Partei der deutschsprachigen Belgier (member of the European Free Alliance )
• Walloon Region
  • Political parties (seeking a union with France):
    • Rassemblement Wallonie-France

[edit] Bosnia and Herzegovina

• Republika Srpska
  • Political parties: Alliance of Independent Social Democrats, Serbian Democratic Party^[51]

• Herceg Bosna
  • Political party: Croatian Democratic Union of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatian Democratic Union 1990, Croatian Party of Rights, Croatian Christian Democratic Union

[edit] Croatia

• Istria
  • Political parties: Istrian Democratic Assembly, Istrian Democratic Forum

• Serbian Krajina
  • Political party: Republic of Serbian Krajina Government in Exile

[edit] Cyprus

• Northern Cyprus
  • De facto state: Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

[edit] Czech Republic

• Moravia
  • Political parties: Moravané (member of the European Free Alliance )^[52]

[edit] Denmark

• Faroe Islands
  • Political party: Republican Party, People's Party, Centre Party, Self-Government Party

[edit] Finland

• Åland
  • Political party: Future of Åland (member of the European Free Alliance )
  • Proposed state: Åland
• Sami
  • Proposed autonomous region: Sápmi^[53]

[edit] France (Europe)

.

• Bourgogne
  • Pressure group: Mouvement de libération de la Bourgogne
• Alsace-Lorraine
  • Political party: Alsace d'Abord, Forum Nationaliste d'Alsace-Lorraine, Union du Peuple Alsacien
• Basque Country (Main article: Basque nationalism)
  • Political party: Abertzaleen Batasuna (AB), Batasuna, Eusko Alkartasuna (member of the European Free Alliance ), Parti Nationaliste Basque.
  • Pressure group: All local politicians^{[citation needed]}, even those in "French" parties, agree to demand a Basque département and co-officiality of Basque language, a demand that has been rejected by the French government.
  • Trade union: Euskal Langileen Alkartasuna, Langile Abertzaleen Batzordeak
  • Youth pressure groups: Egi, Gazte Abertzaleak, Iritzarri, Segi
  • Militant organization: Iparretarrak (defunct), ETA, Irrintzi
  • Proposed state: Euskadi or Euskal Herria (Basque Country)
• Brittany
  • Pressure groups: Celtic League
  • Political party: Adsav, Breton Party, Union Démocratique Bretonne (member of the European Free Alliance ), Emgann
  • Militant organization: Armée Révolutionnaire Bretonne, Front de Libération de la Bretagne
  • Proposed state: Brittany
• Corsica (Main article: Corsican nationalism)
  • Political party: Corsica Nazione, Partitu di a Nazione Corsa (member of the European Free Alliance )
  • Militant organization: National Front for the Liberation of Corsica
  • Proposed state: Corsica
• Normandy
  • Political party: Le Mouvement Normand
  • Proposed state: Nourmande (to merge the two regions of Basse-Normandie and Haute-Normandie opposed by Norman activists).
• Northern Catalonia
  • Political party: Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya (member of the European Free Alliance ), Bloc Català
  • Proposed state: Països Catalans
• Savoy
  • Political party: Savoy Region Movement (autonomist)
  • Political party: Savoyard League (secessionist)
• Occitania
  • Political party: Partit de la Nacion Occitana, Partit Occitan (member of the European Free Alliance ), Iniciativa per Occitània, Anaram au Patac, Hartèra
• French Flanders or French Netherlands
  • Political Party: Le Bloc Représentatif du Nord-France et Flandres Frances
  • Proposed state: Les Pays-Bas français, Les Flandres françaises or Le Parti du Artois et Flandres
• Picardie (region), by activists are the Picard people. the French government regional committee had planned to subdivide the region and give each one of the 3 departements to neighboring regions of Champagne-Ardenne, Ile-de-France and Nord Pas-de-Calais. The Picard people are divided on this proposal.^{[citation needed]}
• Campenois, autonomous movement in Champagne-Ardenne.^{[citation needed]}
• Several regions want to be divided into newer ones, notably in the Midi-Pyrenees and Alpes-Cote de Azur.^{[citation needed]}

[edit] Germany

• Bavaria
  • Political party: Bavaria Party (member of the European Free Alliance )^[54]
  • Calls for new states of Franconia, "Lower Bavaria" (Augsburg), Swabia and "Upper Bavaria" (Innes) to secede from Bavaria.
• Frisian people in Schleswig-Holstein and Lower Saxony requesting linguistic autonomy.
• Hesse and Rheinland-Palatine, small movements call for restoration of their pre-1870 and pre-1914 autonomy status.^{[citation needed]}
• Sorbia or Lusatia for the Sorbian people a Slavic-speaking ethnic group of eastern Germany.^{[citation needed]}
• South Germany to represent the state of Baden-Wurttemberg.^{[citation needed]}

[edit] Italy

• Padania
  • Proposed State: Padania
  • Political parties: Lega Nord
• Aosta Valley
  • Political parties: Valdotanian Union, Edelweiss Aosta Valley, Autonomist Federation, Valdotanian Renewal, Lively Aosta Valley, Lega Nord Valle d'Aosta
• Piedmont
  • Political parties: Lega Nord Piemont
• Lombardy
  • Political parties: Lega Lombarda, Lega Alleanza Lombarda, Lombard Independentist Front
• Insubria
  • Pressure groups: Domà Nunch ^[55]
• Trentino
  • Political parties: Union for Trentino, Lega Nord Trentino, Trentino Tyrolean Autonomist Party, Autonomist Trentino, Ladin Autonomist Union, United Valleys, Popular Autonomy, Fassa
• South Tyrol
  • Political parties: South Tyrolean People's Party, Union for South Tyrol, The Libertarians, South Tyrolean Freedom, Political Movement Ladins, Democratic Party of South Tyrol, Lega Nord Sud Tirolo
• Veneto
  • Movement: Venetism
  • Political parties: Liga Veneta, North-East Project, Liga Veneta Repubblica, Venetians in Movement, Venetian National Party, Venetian People's Unity
• Friuli-Venezia Giulia
  • Political parties : Lega Nord Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Friuli Movement, Giulian Front
• Liguria
  • Political party: Lega Nord Liguria, Ligurian Independentist Movement
• Emilia
  • Political parties: Lega Nord Emilia
• Romagna
  • Political parties: Lega Nord Romagna
• Tuscany
  • Political parties: Lega Nord Toscana
• Marche
  • Political parties: Lega Nord Marche
• Umbria
  • Political parties: Lega Nord Umbria
• Sardinia
  • Political parties: Sardinia Nation, Sardinian Reformers, Sardinian People's Party, Sardinian Democratic Union, Sardinian Action Party, Independence Republic of Sardinia
• Sicily
  • Political parties: Movement for the Independence of Sicily, Sicilian Alliance, Sicilian People's Party, Sicilian National Front
  • Pressure groups: Terra e Liberazione
• Southern Italy

• Political parties: Movement for Autonomy, Federalist Alliance, Lega Sud Ausonia, Southern Action League

[edit] Kosovo

• Republic of Kosovo (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • de facto state: Republic of Kosovo
  • Political parties: Democratic League of Kosovo, Alliance for the Future of Kosovo, Democratic Party of Kosovo, National Movement for the Liberation of Kosovo, The People's Movement for Kosovo
  • Militant organization: Kosovo Liberation Army (became Kosovo Protection Corps)
  • See also: Kosovo independence precedent and International reaction to the 2008 Kosovo declaration of independence
• North Kosovo
  • Proposed state: part of Serbia
  • See also: 2008 unrest in Kosovo, 2004 unrest in Kosovo, and Kosovo Serb enclaves

[edit] Lithuania

• Samogitia
  • Samogitian Party

[edit] Macedonia

• Illyrida
  • Political party: Democratic Party of Albanians
  • Status: Continued unrest within Albanian-majority areas of Macedonia^[56]

[edit] Moldova

• Gagauz Yeri
  • Status: Turkic people - autonomous region.^[57]

• Transnistria
  • Status: De facto state: Transnistria^[58]

[edit] Netherlands

• Frisia
  • Political party: Frisian National Party, (member of the European Free Alliance )
  • Status: Democratic movement seeking greater autonomy for Frisian-speaking people in Fryslân^[59]
• Frisia
  • Political party: Frisian Alliance
  • Status: Democratic and cultural movement seeking independence for Frisian-speaking people in Fryslân, including areas now part of Germany, in addition to the Netherlands^[60]

[edit] Norway

• Sami
  • Proposed autonomous region: Sápmi^[53]

[edit] Poland

• Upper Silesia
  • Political party: Silesian Autonomy Movement^[61]

[edit] Romania

• Székler Land: Székely autonomy initiatives
  • Political organisation: Székler National Council^[62]

[edit] Russia (Europe)

• Adygea^{[citation needed]}
• Chechnya
  • Militant organization: Chechen separatists; though recently Ramzan Kadyrov, the Russian-appointed leader of the Chechen Republic within Russia has also made statements seeming to support an independent Chechnya ruled (of course) by him rather than the separatists; including seizing broad autonomy ^[63], criticizing Russian attempts to make a "North Caucasus" district ^[63], inviting back separatist leader Akhmad Zakayev ^[64], and very warm (and somewhat disturbing for Russia even) support for Abkhaz independence ^[64]
  • Proposed state: Chechen Republic of Ichkeria
• Dagestan
• Ingushetia
• Kabardino-Balkaria
• Karachay-Cherkessia
• Northern Ossetia^{[citation needed]}
• Chechnya, Dagestan, Ingushetia
  • Proposed state: Caucasian Emirate (claimed successor to Ichkeria)
• Tatarstan
  • Political party: All-Tatar Public Center
  • Proposed state: Tatarstan, Idel-Ural
  • Kalmykia
• Udmurtia
  • Movement: the Udmurt Counsel [sic] is a member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization
  • Proposed state: Udmurtia
• Circassia
  • Movement:Circassian Congress; Circassian Youth Initiative; Adyge Djegi
  • Proposed state: Circassia, including all regions historically included in Circassia and/or inhabited by Circassians (note: this includes Adygea as well as large parts of Kabardino-Balkaria, Karachey-Cherkessia, Krasnodar Oblast, and Stavropol' Oblast)
• Balkar and Karachay peoples
  • Movement:Various nationalist organizations in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia
  • Goals:Firstmost, the establishment of autonomy for the Karachai and Balkars, rather then in biethnic republics where they must share power with Russians and Circassians (division of Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia into smaller units, also popular for Circassian nationalists). Then, the unification of Karachay and Balkar units is advocated by some but not all nationalists (see Balkar and Karachai nationalism)

[edit] Serbia

• Vojvodina; Hungarian Regional Autonomy
  • Political parties: Democratic Party of Vojvodina Hungarians, Democratic Community of Vojvodina Hungarians, Hungarian Civic Alliance, Alliance of Vojvodina Hungarians; see also Hungarians in Vojvodina

[edit] Spain (Europe)

• Basque Country and Navarre (Main article: Basque nationalism)
  • Political party: Partido Nacionalista Vasco (member of the European Democratic Party), Eusko Alkartasuna (member of the European Free Alliance ), Aralar, Nafarroa Bai, Basque Nationalist Action, Batasuna
  • Trade union: Euskal Langileen Alkartasuna, Langile Abertzaleen Batzordeak
  • Youth pressure groups: Egi, Gazte Abertzaleak, Iratzarri, Segi
  • Militant organization: Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA)
  • Proposed state: Euskal Herria (Basque Country)
• Catalonia (Catalan independentism), the Land of Valencia and the Balearic Islands
  • Civil Organization: Sobirania i Progrés, Plataforma pel Dret de Decidir, Cercle d'Estudis Sobiranistes, Deumil.cat
  • Pressure groups: Catalunya Acció, Free Catalonia, Endavant, Moviment de Defensa de la Terra, Reagrupament.
  • Youth pressure groups: Maulets, Coordinadora d'Assemblees de Joves de l'Esquerra Independentista, Joventuts d'Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya, Endavant (Organització Socialista d'Alliberament Nacional)es:Endavant, Sindicat d'Estudiants dels Països Catalans, Joventut Nacionalista de Catalunya, Negres Tempestes
  • Political parties (pro-Catalan Countries): Candidatura d'Unitat Popular (in the Catalan Countries); Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya (in Catalonia, Balearic Islands, and Northern Catalonia; called Esquerra Republicana del País Valencià in the Valencian Country), (member of the European Free Alliance ); Estat Català (only based in Catalonia).
  • Political parties (based in the Land of Valencia): Bloc Nacionalista Valencià
  • Political parties (based in the Balearic Islands): Partit Socialista de Mallorca-Entesa Nacionalista (in Majorca), Entesa de l’Esquerra de Menorca (in Menorca)
  • Political parties (autonomist): Convergència Democràtica de Catalunya, Unió Democràtica de Catalunya (in Catalonia only); Unió Mallorquina (in Majorca only).
• Galicia
  • Political party: Bloque Nacionalista Galego (Galician Nationalist Block) (autonomist) (member of the European Free Alliance ), NÓS-Unidade Popular (WE-Popular Unity)(independentist), Frente Popular Galego (Galician Popular Front)(independentist), Partido Galeguista (The Galician Party) , Terra Galega Galician Coalition (Centrist nationalist Party)
  • Youth pressure groups: Galiza Nova, AGIR, CAF
  • Proposed state: Galiza
  • Main article: Galician nationalism

• Andalusia (Main article: Andalusian nationalism)
  • Political parties (autonomist): Partido Andalucista, Partido Socialista Andaluz, Bloque Andaluz de Izquierdas, Partido Comunista del Pueblo Andaluz
  • Political parties (secessionist): Nación Andaluza, Asamblea Nacional de Andalucia
  • Youth movement: Jaleo!!!, Juventudes Andalucistas
  • Proposed state: Andalusia
• Aragon
  • Political party (autonomist): Chunta Aragonesista (member of the European Free Alliance )
  • Political party (secessionist): Estau Aragonés, Tierra Aragonesa
  • Pressure groups: Puyalón
  • Youth movement: Astral, Chobenalla Aragonesista, A Enrestida
  • Proposed state: Aragón
• Asturias (Main article: Asturian nationalism)
  • Political parties (autonomist): Partíu Asturianista, URAS
  • Political parties (secessionist): Unidá Nacionalista Asturiana (member of the European Free Alliance ), Bloque por Asturies, Andecha Astur
  • Youth movements: Darréu, UNA-Mocedá , Fai!
  • Trade Unions: CSI, SUATEA, Frenti Estudiantil d'Asturies
  • Other pro-independence organizations: Sofitu
  • Proposed state: Socialist Republic of Asturies
  • Proposed flag: Asturina
• Cantabria
  • Political party: Conceju Nacionaliegu Cántabru
  • Youth movement: Regüelta (Revolt)
  • Trade union: Intersindical Cántabra
  • Proposed state: Cantabria
  • Proposed flag: Lábaro
• Castile
  • Political parties (autonomist): Tierra Comunera
  • Political parties (secessionist): Izquierda Castellana, Movimiento Popular Castellano,
  • Youth movement: YESCA
  • Proposed state: Castile
  • Proposed flag: Pendón Morado, Pendón Estrellado
  • Main article: Castilian nationalism
• León
  • Political parties: Unión del Pueblo Leonés (UPL or Leonese People's Union), Partido Regionalista del País Leonés (PREPAL), Unión del Pueblo Salmantino (UPS), Partido Carlista del Reino de León (PC)
  • Proposed state: País Llïonés - Leonese Country (Conceyu Xoven)
  • Proposed autonomous region: Comunidad Autónoma de León - Autonomous Community of León (UPL, PREPAL, UPS, PC)
  • Civil organizations: Ciudadanos del Reino de Leon (CCRRLL), Ciudadanos Zamoranos (CCZZ)
  • Youth movements: Conceyu Xoven (Young Council)
  • Principal Article: Leonese regionalist movement

[edit] Sweden

• Sami
  • Proposed autonomous region: Sápmi^[53]
• Scania Political or cultural organisation: Stiftelsen Skånsk Framtid (Scanian Future Foundation) (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)^[65]

[edit] Switzerland

• Canton of Geneva "Le Republique du Geneve" or "Free State of Geneva".
  • Pressure Group: Genevan politicians and activists.^{[citation needed]}
• Jura
  • Political party: Mouvement Indépendantiste Jurassien (Jurassian Independentist Movement), Mouvement Autonomiste Jurassien (Jurassian Autonomist Movement), Groupe Bélier (Youth activists movement),
• Ticino
  • Political party: Lega dei Ticinesi
  • Pressure groups: Domà Nunch

[edit] Ukraine

• Crimea (the Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People is a member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
• Carpathian Ruthenia: Congress of Carpathian Ruthenians

[edit] United Kingdom (Europe) and Crown Dependencies

Secessionist & irredentist movements

• Berwick-upon-Tweed
  • Proposed state: part of Scotland (currently part of England)^[66]
  • Political party: Scottish Democratic Alliance
•  Cornwall
  See also: Cornish nationalism
  • Political parties: Mebyon Kernow - Party for Cornwall (member of the European Free Alliance ), Cornish Green Party, Cornish National Party
  • Millitant organization: Cornish National Liberation Army
  • Pressure groups: Revived Cornish Stannary Parliament, Tyr Gwyr Gweryn, Celtic League
•  England
  Main article: English independence
  • Political party: English Democrats Party, England First Party^[67], English Radical Alliance^[68]
•  Gibraltar
  • Political party: Progressive Democratic Party
•  Guernsey^[69]
•  Isle of Man
  • Pressure groups: Celtic League
  • Political parties: Mec Vannin, Liberal Vannin
• Mercia
  • Political parties: Acting Witan of Mercia,^[70] Mercian Nationalist Party,^[71] Sovereign Mercia^[72]
• Monmouthshire
  • Proposed state: part of England (currently part of Wales)^[73]
  • Political party: English Democrats Party
• Northern Ireland
  See also: Irish nationalism, Irish Republicanism, and Ulster nationalism
  • Pressure groups: Celtic League
  • Political parties: Sinn Féin, Social Democratic and Labour Party, Republican Sinn Féin, Irish Republican Socialist Party (Irish nationalist), Ulster Third Way (Ulster nationalist)
  • Militant organizations: Real IRA, Continuity IRA, Óglaigh na hÉireann
•  Scotland
  Main article: Scottish independence
  • Political parties: Scottish National Party (member of the European Free Alliance ), Scottish Green Party, Scottish Socialist Party, Scottish Democratic Alliance, Solidarity
  • Pressure groups: Independence First, Celtic League, SRSM
  • Militant organizations: Scottish National Liberation Army
•  Wales
  Main article: Welsh independence
  • Political parties: Plaid Cymru (member of the European Free Alliance ), Forward Wales, Wales Green Party, Llais Gwynedd, Cymru Annibynnol
  • Pressure groups: Cymuned, Cymdeithas yr Iaith Gymraeg, Celtic League
  • Militant organizations: Free Wales Army, Mudiad Amddiffyn Cymru, Meibion Glyndwr

Autonomist movements

•  Cornwall
  See also: Cornish self-government movement and Constitutional status of Cornwall
  • Pressure groups: Cornwall 2000, Cornish Solidarity
•  England
  See also: English nationalism
  • Political parties: English Democrats Party, UKIP^[74]
  • Pressure groups: Campaign for an English Parliament
•  Orkney
  • Irun Norn – ancient people, extinct language and social-cultural identity of Orkney Islands autonomist groups.^{[citation needed]}
•  Shetland
  • Crown Dependency of Forvik (Forewick Holm), Udal Law group ^{[75][76][77][78]}
•  Wessex
  • Political parties: Wessex Regionalist Party, officially registered as a political party.^[79]
  • Pressure group: Wessex Constitutional Convention
•  Yorkshire
  See also: Historic counties of England
  • Pressure group: Yorkshire Ridings Society

[edit] North America

[edit] Canada

Secessionist movements

• Alberta (Main article: Alberta separatism)
  • Political party: Separation Party of Alberta
• British Columbia + Pacific Northwestern US
  • Proposed state: Cascadia
  • Pressure group: Republic of Cascadia, Cascadian Independence Project
• Quebec (Main article: Quebec sovereignty movement)
  • Civil organization: Saint-Jean-Baptiste Society, Mouvement national des Québécois et des Québécoises (MNQ), Rassemblement pour l'indépendance du Québec (RIQ), Les Intellectuels pour la souveraineté (IPSO), Mouvement de libération nationale du Québec (MLNQ), Réseau de Résistance du Québecois (RRQ)
  • Labour union: Confédération des syndicats nationaux (CSN), Centrale des syndicats du Québec (CSQ), Fédération des travailleurs du Québec (FTQ), Union des artistes (UDA)
  • Political party: Parti Québécois, Bloc Québécois, Québec solidaire, Parti indépendantiste
  • Proposed state: Quebec
• Saskatchewan
  • Political party: Western Independence Party of Saskatchewan
• Western Canada
  • Political party: Western Block Party

Autonomist movements

• Nunatsiavut
• Quebec
  • Political party: Action démocratique du Québec

[edit] Denmark (North America)

• Greenland
  • Political party: Inuit Ataqatigiit

[edit] Mexico

• Chiapas
  • Zapatista autonomous self-governing region and Militant movement

[edit] United Kingdom (North America)

• Bermuda^[80]

[edit] United States (North America)

• Alaska
  • Political party: Alaskan Independence Party^[81]

• Lakota Sioux
  • Pressure group(s): Lakotah Oyate
  • Proposed state: Republic of Lakotah^[82]

• Black Belt (U.S. region)
  • Pressure group(s): RNA, New Black Panther Party, Black Liberation Army
  • Proposed state: Republic of New Afrika^[83]

• Minnesota
  • Proposed state: People's Republic of the North Star
  • Pressure group(s): North Star Republic^[84]

• New York City
  • Pressure group(s): Peter Vallone, Free City of Tri-Insula
• New York State
  • Pressure group(s): Joseph Sawiki (Western Long Island), Randy Kuhl (Upstate)
  • Proposed state: Independent Long Island

• Oklahoma
  • Pressure group(s): Indian Nations Republic of Oklahoma represented by the five largest Native American tribes in that state.
  • Cherokee Nation, Chickasaw Nation, Choctaw Nation, Creek Nation, Osage Nation and Seminole Nation.

• Pacific Northwest + British Columbia, Canada
  • Proposed state: Cascadia
  • Pressure group(s): Republic of Cascadia, Cascadian Independence Project
  • Political party: Cascadian National Party (CNP)
• Pacific Northwest + British Columbia, Canada

• The South
  • Pressure group(s): League of the South, Southern Party
  • Proposed state: Confederate States of America
  • See also: Neo-confederate movement

• South Carolina
  • Pressure group(s): SC League of the South ^[85], Christian Exodus

• Texas
  • Pressure group(s): Republic of Texas, Texas Nationalist Movement^[86]
  • See: Texas Secession Movement
  • Militant organization:Republic of Texas (group) (McLaren's Faction)

• Vermont
  • Proposed state: Green Mountain Republic of Vermont
  • Pressure group(s): Second Vermont Republic^[87]

• Hawaii

• Pressure groups (s): Nation of Hawaiʻi (organization), Office of Hawaiian Affairs

[edit] Central America and Caribbean

[edit] France (Caribbean)

• Martinique

Autonomist movements

• Political party: Martinican Progressive Party

Secessionist movements

• Political party: Martinican Independence Movement

[edit] Nicaragua

• Moskitia
  • Proposed State: Communitarian Nation of Moskitia

[edit] St. Kitts and Nevis

• Nevis
  • Political party: Concerned Citizens' Movement, Nevis Reformation Party

[edit] Trinidad and Tobago

• Tobago
  • Political party: Democratic Action Congress

[edit] United Kingdom (Caribbean)

• Montserrat
  • Political parties: New People's Liberation Movement, United National Front
• Turks and Caicos Islands

[edit] United States (Caribbean)

• Puerto Rico

Secessionist movements

• Political party: Puerto Rican Independence Party (PIP)
• Pressure group: Puerto Rican Nationalist Party, Pro-Independence Universitarian Federation (FUPI), Union of Socialist Youth (UJS), Movimiento Independentista Nacional Hostosiano (MINH), Socialist Front (FS), National Congress for the Descolonizations (CONADE), Puerto Rican independence movement (MPI)
• Militant organization: Boricua Popular Army (Macheteros), Fuerzas Armadas de Liberación Nacional (FALN)

Autonomist movements

• Political party: Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico (PPD)

[edit] U.S. Virgin Islands and British Virgin Islands

• Political party: Caribbean Virgin Islands Independence Party and the Union of Virgin Islands Party

[edit] South America

[edit] Argentina

• Mapuche (politically divided between Argentina and Chile; see respective entries) (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Pressure group: The All Lands Conseil (Consejo de Todas las Tierras)
  • Proposed state: Mapuche Nation^[88]

[edit] Brazil

• Rio-Grandense Republic
  • Pressure Group: Movimento Pampa Livre (Free Pampa Movement)
  • Status: Looking for separate the Rio Grande do Sul State from Brazil, restoring the Rio-Grandense Republic independence.^[89]

• Southern Region
  • Pressure group: O Sul é Meu País movement ("The south is my country")
  • Status: Group looking for independence of the states of Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul.^[90]
• State of São Paulo
  • Pressure groups: Movimento São Paulo Independente, Movimento pela República de São Paulo

[edit] France (Caribbean)

• French Guiana
  • Pressure groups: Decolonization and Social Emancipation Movement

[edit] Chile

• Mapuche (politically divided between Argentina and Chile; see respective entries) (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Pressure group: The All Lands Conseil (Consejo de Todas las Tierras)^[88]

[edit] Peru

• Aymara (politically divided between Bolivia, Chile and Peru; see respective entries)
  • Pressure group: Tupac Katari Guerrilla Army
  • Proposed state: Collasuyu

[edit] Venezuela

• Zulia
  • Proposed state: Free State of Zulia and Maracaibo.

[edit] Oceania

[edit] Australia

• Australian Aborigines (Main article: Australian Aboriginal Sovereignty) (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Pressure group: Aboriginal Tent Embassy

[edit] Chile

• Rapa Nui (Easter island)^[91][92]

[edit] Fiji

• Rotuma

[edit] France (Oceania)

• French Polynesia
  • Political party: Tavini Huiraatira
• New Caledonia
  • Political party: Kanak Socialist National Liberation Front (Caledonian Union, Party of Kanak Liberation), Kanak Socialist Liberation, Labour Party, Union of Pro-Independence Co-operation Committees, Renewed Caledonian Union
  • Proposed state: New Caledonia

[edit] Kiribati

• Banaba Island^[93]

[edit] New Zealand

• South Island
  • Main article: South Island Independence, South Island nationalism
  • Political parties: South Island Party (2008) (doubtful whether 'active')
  • Pressure groups: Cut the Cable, South Island First, Zealandia Independence Project
  • Proposed state: New Munster, South Zealand, Zealandia
  • Proposed autonomous region: New Munster
• Chatham Islands ^[94]

• Cook Islands

• Niue

• Tokelau

[edit] Papua New Guinea

• Bougainville (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Political party: Bougainville Revolutionary Army^[95]

[edit] United States (Oceania)

• Guam
  • Pressure movement: Chamoru Nation, Organization of People for Indigenous Rights^[96]
  • Local Self-Government: Guam Commission on Self-Determination, now known as the Commission on Decolonization
• Hawaii
  • Pressure movement: Hawaiian sovereignty movement
  • Political party: Nation of Hawai‘i and other nationalist groups attempting to reassert the sovereignty of the Kingdom of Hawai‘i. The Kingdom of Hawai‘i was internationally recognized as an independent country until the Republic of Hawaii was recognized in its place in 1894.
• Northern Marianas
  • Pressure Movement: Taotao Tano

[edit] Vanuatu

• Malekula
  • Proposed state: N'Makiaute
• Northern islands
  • Proposed state: Federation Na Griamel

[edit] See also

• List of autonomous regions and particular administrative divisions leaders
• List of historical autonomist and secessionist movements
• List of political parties campaigning for self-government
• List of U.S. state secession proposals
• List of irredentist claims or disputes
• List of dependent territories
• List of sovereign states
• European Union: Committee of the Regions, European Free Alliance
• Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organisation
• United Nations member states
  • Special Committee on Decolonization
• Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations
• List of ethnic groups
• List of Chinese nationalities
• Self-determination
• Nationalism
• Separatism
• Autonomy
• Self-governance
• Sovereignty

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization
• eLandnet - indigenous peoples and national minorities worldwide
• Territorial Disputes at the Open Directory Project
• List of leftist secessionist movements