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Featured article: December 10, 2008

Messiaen was the titular organist at Église de la Sainte-Trinité in Paris for 61 years.
Olivier Messiaen (1908–1992) was a French composer, organist, and ornithologist. He entered the Paris Conservatoire at the age of 11 and numbered Paul Dukas, Maurice Emmanuel and Marcel Dupré among his teachers. He was appointed organist at the church of La Trinité in Paris in 1931, a post he held until his death. On the fall of France in 1940 Messiaen was made a prisoner of war, and while incarcerated he composed his Quatuor pour la fin du temps ("Quartet for the end of time") for the four available instruments, piano, violin, cello, and clarinet. Messiaen was appointed professor of harmony soon after his release in 1941, and professor of composition in 1966 at the Paris Conservatoire, positions he held until his retirement in 1978. Messiaen's music is rhythmically complex (he was interested in rhythms from ancient Greek and from Hindu sources), and is harmonically and melodically based on modes of limited transposition, which were Messiaen's own innovation. Many of Messiaen's compositions are for the piano, or contain a part for solo piano, inspired by the virtuosity of his wife Yvonne Loriod; they often depict what Messiaen termed "the marvellous aspects of the faith", drawing on his unshakeable Roman Catholicism. Messiaen found birdsong fascinating; he believed birds to be the greatest musicians and considered himself as much an ornithologist as a composer. He notated birdsongs worldwide, and he incorporated birdsong transcriptions into a majority of his music. (more...)

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Franklin Delano Roosevelt's speech after the Pearl Harbor attacks (file info)

Featured picture: November 20, 2008

Federal Art Project poster

A poster for the United States National Park Service, showing a deer drinking from a stream in the forest. This was one of more than 200,000 works created as part of the Federal Art Project, which was the visual arts arm of the Great Depression-era New Deal WPA Federal One program. FAP artists created posters, murals and paintings; some of which stand among the most significant pieces of public art in the country.

Poster credit: Frank S. Nicholson

Featured list: List of U.S. state name etymologies

Map showing the source languages of state names
State name Date of First Original language Year of First Original language Language of origin Word of origin Meaning and Notes
Alabama
Map of USA AL.svg
April 19 1742 Choctaw albah amo "Thicket-clearers"[1] or "plant-cutters", from albah, "(medicinal) plants", and amo, "to clear". The modern Choctaw name for the tribe is Albaamu.[2]
Alaska
Map of USA AK.svg
December 2 1897 Aleut via Russian alaxsxaq via Аляска "Mainland" (literally "the object towards which the action of the sea is directed").[3]
Arizona
Map of USA AZ.svg
February 1 1883 Basque aritz ona "The good oak".[4]
O'odham via Spanish ali ṣona-g via Arizonac[5] "Having a little spring".[6]
Spanish zonas áridas "arid zones".
Arkansas
Map of USA AR.svg
July 20 1796 Kansa, via Illinois and French akaansa Borrowed from a French spelling of an Illinois rendering of the tribal name kką:ze (see Kansas, below), which the Miami and Illinois used to refer to the Quapaw.[6][7][8][9]
California
Map of USA CA.svg
May 22 1850 Spanish Unknown Probably named for the fictional Island of California ruled by Queen Calafia in the 16th century novel Las sergas de Esplandián by García Ordóñez de Montalvo.[10]
See also: Origin of the name California

Featured topic: Supernatural (season 1)

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Featured article Supernatural (season 1)
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Featured article "Pilot"
Good article "Devil's Trap"

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  1. ^ "Alabama: The State Name". Alabama Department of Archives and History. http://www.archives.state.al.us/statenam.html. Retrieved 2007-02-24. 
  2. ^ Bright (2004:29)
  3. ^ Ransom, J. Ellis. 1940. Derivation of the Word ‘Alaska’. American Anthropologist n.s., 42: pp. 550-551
  4. ^ Thompson, Clay (2007-02-25). "A sorry state of affairs when views change". Arizona Republic. http://www.azcentral.com/news/columns/articles/0225clay0225.html. Retrieved 2007-03-03. 
  5. ^ http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Arizona
  6. ^ a b Bright (2004:47)
  7. ^ Rankin, Robert. 2005. "Quapaw". In Native Languages of the Southeastern United States, eds. Heather K. Hardy and Janine Scancarelli. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, pg. 492
  8. ^ "Arkansas". Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia 2006. Archived from the original on 2009-10-31. http://www.webcitation.org/5kwsyG4Bp. Retrieved 2007-02-26. 
  9. ^ To appear. "Arkansas" in the Oxford English Dictionary
  10. ^ "California". Mavens' Word of the Day. 2000-04-26. http://www.randomhouse.com/wotd/index.pperl?date=20000426. Retrieved 2006-11-28. 
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